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E-raamat: Experiments in Egyptian Archaeology: Stoneworking Technology in Ancient Egypt

(Experimental archaeologist.)
  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 26-Jul-2022
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000612899
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  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 26-Jul-2022
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000612899
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In this new edition of Experiments in Egyptian Archaeology, Denys A. Stocks introduces further experimental research on stoneworking in Ancient Egypt through archaeological and pictorial evidence.

A further 20 years of research has been added to the original publication and the book now includes the results of experiments that test and evaluate over 250 reconstructed and replica tools, bringing alive the methods and practices of Ancient Egyptian craftworking. This practical approach to understanding the fundamentals of Ancient Egyptian stoneworking highlights the evolution of tools and techniques, and how these come together to produce the wonders of Egyptian art and architecture. A new chapter on Predynastic industrial transitions and convergence explores how the surge in technology, particularly in the expanding production of stone vessels and in the production of faience artifacts, drove the expansion of the economy of the Late Predynastic period in Egypt.

Introducing the results of new research to enrich our understanding of the fundamental development of stoneworking, and other supporting technologies in Ancient Egypt, this book remains an important volume for students and researchers wishing to understand Ancient Egyptian technology and development.
List of tables
xi
List of figures
xii
Foreword xix
Acknowledgements xxi
List of abbreviations
xxii
Predynastic and Dynastic chronology xxiii
Map of Egypt
xxviii
Preface to new edition Introduction 1(4)
PART I Skills and tools: Fledgling industrialists
5(100)
1 Craftworking: Industry's driving force
7(18)
Craftworking: Mind over matter
7(4)
Important tools, materials and artifacts: A brief overview
11(10)
Experiments and their interpretation
21(4)
2 The cutting edge
25(53)
Copper and bronze cutting tools
25(10)
A cluster of furnaces: The key to manufacturing expansion
35(9)
Hammering: The art offorceful shaping
44(8)
Enter the bow: A power transmission device
52(6)
Copper and bronze cutting tools: Experimental manufacture and hardness tests
58(9)
To cut, or not to cut -- that is the problem
67(11)
3 A flint for all seasons
78(27)
Some evidence for the working of hard stones
78(8)
Flint and chert: A brief description
86(2)
The experiments with the flint tools
88(13)
Tools for keeping: Tools for throwing away
101(4)
PART II High priests of industry: The state's influence on technology
105(104)
4 The abrasive technologists
107(36)
Flora and technology connections
107(2)
Abrasives and metals in use for the sawing and tubular drilling of stone
109(4)
The sand environment in Egypt: Effects on human activity
113(2)
Drilling stones with reed tubes
115(1)
Copper: A new material for an old purpose
116(4)
The construction and use of the experimental Manchester saws and tubular drills
120(13)
The Aswan sawing and drilling experiments
133(7)
Discussion
140(3)
5 Making stone vessels
143(33)
Stone vessels by the thousand
143(3)
The tomb evidence for stone vessel making
146(6)
Analysis of the pictorial evidence
152(2)
A twist/reverse twist drill attachment tool
154(2)
Reconstructed twist/reverse twist drills
156(4)
The twist/reverse twist drill tests
160(1)
Making stone vessels in ancient Mesopotamia
161(1)
Manufacturing a limestone barrel-shaped vase
162(10)
Discussion
172(4)
6 The development of stone sarcophagus manufacture
176(11)
Shaping stone sarcophagi: Surface decoration tools and techniques
176(3)
Hollowing hard-stone sarcophagi interiors
179(5)
Discussion
184(3)
7 Master masonry fitters
187(22)
Masonry fitters' tools
187(4)
Some problems confronting the mason
191(4)
The Kahun set of rods and string
195(2)
Some ancient uses for rods and string
197(2)
Fitting two megalithic blocks together: A proposal
199(2)
Friction and force: Physics to the rescue
201(8)
PART III Industrial revolution in Ancient Egypt
209(56)
8 Theban mass-production tools
211(23)
Early bead-making techniques
211(5)
Six New Kingdom tombs in the Theban necropolis
216(3)
Interpretation of the illustrations
219(3)
Manufacture of the reconstructed tools
222(4)
Experimental bead-drilling
226(5)
Discussion of the experimental results
231(3)
9 By-products from a bygone age
234(9)
Modern by-product materials
234(1)
Ancient faience: A brief description
234(2)
Experimental faience manufacture
236(3)
Discussion
239(4)
10 Predynastic transitions and convergence
243(15)
Evidence of Late Neolithic stone-drilling reed tubes in Egypt's western Delta
243(2)
The stonecutting copper tubular drill: A primary generator of Egypt's economic strength
245(2)
Transitions and convergence
247(4)
Some economic consequences of manufacturing soft- and hard-stone vessels
251(4)
Discussion
255(3)
11 Ancient technical interrelationships
258(7)
Interconnected tools and processes
258(4)
Indicated craftworkers' health problems
262(1)
Final summary
263(2)
Glossary of technical terms 265(7)
Bibliography 272(8)
Index 280
Denys A. Stocks is an experimental archaeologist who uses his training in mechanical engineering, together with his experience in teaching high school design and technology, to interpret Ancient Egypts technical capability. His research interests include the technological similarities between Egypt, Mesopotamia, Minoan Crete and the Indus Valley.