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E-raamat: Global Issues: An Introduction

(Center for International Environmental Law / School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University), (Wofford College)
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  • Ilmumisaeg: 29-Dec-2020
  • Kirjastus: Wiley-Blackwell
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781119538523
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  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 29-Dec-2020
  • Kirjastus: Wiley-Blackwell
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781119538523

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"Global Issues is an accessible, wide-ranging introduction to the major environmental and development issues confronting the modern world. Spanning disciplines such as political science, economics, sociology, ecology, international relations, and development studies, this popular textbook enables students to develop a broad perspective on the relationships between nations, society, corporations, and the environment in various contexts. Exploring issues surrounding wealth, poverty, inequality, climate change, natural resources, pollution, technology, and others, the text illustrates the importance of global solutions to the issues facing increasingly interdependent nations around the world. This sixth edition has been extensively revised to ensure contemporary relevance, featuring updated case studies and compelling research on food security, poverty, and the impact of climate change on development. New discussions explore energy, the UN Sustainable Development Goals, differences in the social and economic conditions of rich and poor countries, and environmental trends. Providing an integrated, multidisciplinary perspective"--

An introduction to the most important issues facing an increasingly globalized world with this thoroughly updated and revised sixth edition.

Global Issues is an accessible, wide-ranging introduction to the major environmental and development issues confronting the modern world. Spanning disciplines such as political science, economics, sociology, ecology, international relations, and development studies, this popular textbook enables students to develop a broad perspective on the relationships between nations, society, corporations, and the environment in various contexts. Exploring issues surrounding wealth, poverty, inequality, climate change, natural resources, pollution, technology, and others, the text illustrates the importance of global solutions to the issues facing increasingly interdependent nations around the world. 

This sixth edition has been extensively revised to ensure contemporary relevance, featuring updated case studies and compelling research on food security, poverty, and the impact of climate change on development. New discussions explore energy, the UN Sustainable Development Goals, differences in the social and economic conditions of rich and poor countries, and environmental trends. Providing an integrated, multidisciplinary perspective, this unique text:

  • Examines the intersection of development, inequality, environment, and society
  • Covers topically relevant issues such as population growth, shifting demographics, renewable energy, and the threats that development poses to the environment
  • Discusses possible future scenarios and governance concerns related to global issues
  • Explores shifts in traditional development pathways and policies around the world
  • Offers numerous student-friendly features, including chapter summaries, a glossary of key terms, further reading suggestions, and extensive online media and learning tools 

Global Issues: An Introduction, Sixth Edition is an ideal entry-level textbook for a range of courses including global studies, international studies, environmental studies, geography, politics, sociology, sustainable development, and more.

List of Plates xiii
List of Figures, Maps, and Tables xv
Acknowledgements xix
Introduction 1(2)
The Creation of Global Issues
1(2)
1 What is Development? 3(18)
Developing Toward What?
3(1)
Twentieth-Century Approach: Development as Economic Growth
4(2)
Twenty-First-Century Approach: Developing towards Sustainability
6(4)
Wave of Hope: The Millennium Development Goals (2000-2015)
7(1)
Sustainable Development Goals (2015-2030)
8(2)
Development Assistance and Foreign Aid
10(4)
Culture and Development
14(2)
Conclusion
16(2)
Notes
18(1)
Further Reading
19(2)
2 Wealth and Poverty 21(34)
Can We Eradicate Poverty?
23(10)
Mainstreaming Sustainable Development
27(2)
A Pessimistic View: The Persistence of Poverty
29(4)
Systematic Approaches
33(8)
A Market Approach
33(3)
The State as Economic Actor
36(4)
A Blended Approach
40(1)
Trade and Global Economic Interdependence
41(4)
Global Interdependence
43(1)
Positive aspects
43(1)
Negative aspects
44(1)
Geography and Wealth, Geography and Poverty
45(1)
Conclusions
46(2)
Notes
48(4)
Further Reading
52(3)
3 Population 55(53)
The Changing Population of the World
56(11)
Shifting Demographics: Rural to Urban
61(6)
Causes of the Population Explosion
67(7)
Demographic transitions: population and development
68(6)
How Population Growth Affects Development
74(5)
Rapid growth
74(2)
Slow growth
76(1)
An aging population and low birth rates
76(3)
How Development Affects Population Growth
79(3)
Factors lowering birth rates
80(2)
International Conferences on Population
82(2)
Governmental Population Policies
84(8)
Managing growth
84(5)
Mexico
86(2)
India
88(1)
China
88(1)
Promoting growth
89(3)
The Future
92(6)
The growth of the world's population
92(1)
The carrying capacity of the Earth
92(2)
"Optimum" size of the Earth's population
94(2)
Population-related challenges in our future
96(2)
Conclusions
98(1)
Notes
99(6)
Further Reading
105(3)
4 Food 108(50)
How Many Are Hungry?
109(1)
World Food Production
110(3)
Arable land
111(1)
Climate
112(1)
How Development Affects Food
113(1)
United States: Industrial Agriculture and Farm Consolidation
114(2)
Brazil: Becoming a Food Exporter by Expanding the Agricultural Frontier
116(1)
China: Limited Land to Grow, Many Mouths to Feed
116(12)
Feeding a Growing Population
118(1)
The "Green" Revolution
119(3)
Fertilizers
120(1)
Pesticides
121(1)
Energy
121(1)
Irrigation
122(1)
Biotechnology
122(3)
Fishing and aquaculture
125(1)
Traditional/sustainable/organic agriculture
126(2)
Causes of World Hunger
128(4)
How Food Affects Development
132(6)
The type of food
134(4)
What's your Footprint?
138(2)
Food Waste and Food Loss
139(1)
The Future
140(5)
Governmental Food Policies
141(2)
Future Food Supplies
143(2)
Conclusions
145(1)
Notes
146(10)
Further Reading
156(2)
5 Energy 158(45)
The Relationship between Energy Use and Development
159(2)
Nonrenewable Energy Sources
161(2)
Oil
162(1)
Global Oil Supplies and Price Shocks
163(4)
Coal
165(1)
Natural Gas
166(1)
The Energy Transition
167(2)
Renewable Energy Sources
169(7)
Solar Power
169(2)
Wind
171(1)
Hydroelectric Power
172(1)
Wood, Agricultural/Forestry Residues, and Animal Dung
173(1)
Geothermal Energy
174(1)
Hydrogen-Powered Fuel Cells
175(1)
Energy and Development: Critical Challenges and Opportunities
176(12)
National Approaches to Energy and Development
177(8)
China
179(1)
The United States
180(3)
Western Europe
183(1)
Japan
184(1)
The Decoupling of Energy Consumption and Economic Growth
185(1)
Conservation/Energy Efficiency
186(2)
Nuclear Power: A Case Study
188(7)
The potential and the peril
188(4)
The choice
192(14)
Withdraw support for nuclear power
192(2)
Continue to support nuclear power
194(1)
Conclusions
195(1)
Notes
196(5)
Further Reading
201(2)
6 Climate Change 203(22)
An Unprecedented Global Challenge
204(2)
How Increased Temperatures Impact the Earth
206(7)
Regional impacts
206(3)
Africa
207(1)
Asia
207(1)
Low-lying islands
207(1)
Europe
207(1)
Latin America
207(1)
North America
207(1)
Polar regions
207(2)
Types of impacts
209(4)
Monster storms
209(1)
Extreme heat
210(1)
Infectious diseases
210(1)
Agriculture
210(2)
Melting ice
212(1)
Sea level rise
212(1)
Disruption of natural ecosystems
213(1)
How Bad Will It Get?
213(4)
Planet at a crossroads: high stakes choices
215(1)
Air pollution
215(1)
Uncertainties
216(13)
Abrupt climate change
216(1)
Slower Atlantic currents
216(1)
Clouds
216(1)
Other positive and negative feedbacks
216(1)
Global Agreement for a Global Problem
217(1)
What More Can Be Done?
218(3)
Conclusion
221(1)
Notes
221(2)
Further Reading
223(2)
7 The Environment: Natural Resources 225(24)
The Awakening
225(3)
Water
228(1)
Land
229(6)
Minerals
229(1)
Deforestation
230(5)
Governing the Commons
235(1)
The Extinction of Species
236(4)
Responsible Use
240(4)
Resource efficiency
240(1)
Recycling
241(2)
Substitution
243(1)
Reducing needs
243(1)
Conclusion
244(1)
Notes
244(4)
Recommended Readings
248(1)
8 The Environment: Pollution 249(34)
Air Pollution
250(11)
Acid rain
254(4)
Ozone depletion
258(2)
Climate change (global warming)
260(1)
Water Pollution
261(2)
The Workplace and the Home
263(4)
Cancer
263(1)
Chemicals
264(1)
Pesticides
265(2)
Managing Waste
267(4)
Solid wastes
267(2)
Toxic wastes
269(1)
Governmental and industrial responses to the waste problem
270(1)
Environmental Politics
271(3)
Conclusion
274(1)
Notes
275(7)
Further Reading
282(1)
9 Technology 283(27)
Benefits of Technology
284(1)
Unanticipated Consequences of the Use of Technology
285(4)
DDT
287(1)
Factory farms
288(1)
Inappropriate Uses of Technology
289(5)
Limits to the "Technological Fix"
294(2)
War
296(2)
The Threat of Nuclear Weapons: A Case Study
298(6)
The threat
298(3)
New dangers
301(10)
Nuclear proliferation
301(2)
The cleanup
303(1)
The threat of nuclear terrorism
303(1)
Conclusions
304(1)
Notes
305(3)
Further Reading
308(2)
10 Alternative Futures 310(22)
Development Pathways: Evaluating Our Current Situation
311(7)
Current Outlook: Business as Usual
312(2)
Collapse and Sustainable Development
314(4)
Choices
318(2)
Improve production
318(1)
Reduce demand
319(1)
Governance: Deciding How to Act on the Choices We Make
320(4)
Conclusion
324(2)
Notes
326(4)
Further Reading
330(2)
Appendix 1: Studying and Teaching Global Issues 332(8)
Appendix 2: Relevant Videos 340(9)
Glossary 349(6)
Index 355
KRISTEN A. HITE leads climate work for Oxfam America and teaches on global issues at the graduate level. Professor Hite has consulted for UN and nonprofit organizations, served as an attorney for the US government and environmental clients, and instructed graduate students at Georgetown, Johns Hopkins, American University, and the University of Maryland. Her approach centers on working across geographies to bridge the intersections of rights, land, and climate in pursuit of sustainable development.

JOHN L. SEITZ is Professor Emeritus of Government at Wofford College, USA. He earned a BA and MPA from the Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs at Syracuse University, and a PhD in political science from the University of Wisconsin. He is a Member of Phi Beta Kappa and has extensive first-hand experience of South Korea, Iran, Brazil, Liberia, and Pakistan. Previous editions of this book, for which he was sole author, have been used around the world and have been translated into a number of languages, including Chinese, Japanese, and Portuguese.