| Preface |
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xi | |
| Authors |
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xiii | |
| 1 General Introductory Topics |
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1 | (38) |
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Part 1: Fundamental Mathematics |
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1 | (15) |
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1 | (2) |
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3 | (1) |
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3 | (1) |
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3 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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5 | (1) |
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6 | (2) |
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Discrete Fourier Transform |
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8 | (1) |
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9 | (2) |
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Method of Least-Squares Fit for Multiple Parameters |
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10 | (1) |
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Nyquist-Shannon Sampling Theorem |
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11 | (1) |
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11 | (2) |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (1) |
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Statistical Distribution Functions |
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15 | (1) |
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Part 2: Fundamental Biology |
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16 | (21) |
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Basic Biological Concepts |
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16 | (24) |
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17 | (17) |
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34 | (3) |
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37 | (2) |
| 2 Optics Components and Electronic Equipment |
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39 | (34) |
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40 | (3) |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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Compound Lenses and Arrays |
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41 | (2) |
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Maintenance and Care of Optical Lenses |
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43 | (3) |
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44 | (1) |
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44 | (1) |
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44 | (1) |
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45 | (1) |
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46 | (1) |
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46 | (7) |
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47 | (1) |
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47 | (1) |
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48 | (2) |
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49 | (1) |
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49 | (1) |
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50 | (1) |
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50 | (1) |
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50 | (1) |
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51 | (2) |
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52 | (1) |
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53 | (3) |
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53 | (2) |
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Single-Mode and Multimode Fibers |
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55 | (1) |
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55 | (1) |
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56 | (7) |
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56 | (1) |
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56 | (1) |
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57 | (1) |
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58 | (1) |
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58 | (4) |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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63 | (1) |
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63 | (2) |
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64 | (1) |
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64 | (1) |
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65 | (1) |
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66 | (5) |
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66 | (1) |
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67 | (2) |
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69 | (1) |
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69 | (1) |
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70 | (1) |
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Electrical and Light Safety |
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71 | (2) |
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71 | (1) |
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71 | (2) |
| 3 Fundamental Light-Tissue Interactions: Light Scattering and Absorption |
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73 | (46) |
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Principles of Light Scattering and Absorption |
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73 | (1) |
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Refractive Index of Biological Tissue |
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74 | (4) |
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Basics of Theory of Light Scattering and Absorption |
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78 | (7) |
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Scattering and Absorption of Light in Tissue by Small Particles |
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85 | (14) |
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99 | (18) |
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Laboratory 1: Absorption: Measurement of Hemoglobin Concentration |
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100 | (1) |
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100 | (5) |
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100 | (1) |
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101 | (2) |
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103 | (1) |
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103 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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105 | (1) |
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105 | (1) |
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106 | (1) |
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Laboratory 2: Biomedical Application of Absorption Measurements |
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106 | (3) |
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Laboratory 3: Scattering: Measurement of Structure |
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109 | (6) |
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Attenuation and Anisotropy of Scattering |
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109 | (1) |
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110 | (1) |
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110 | (1) |
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110 | (1) |
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111 | (1) |
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Backscattering Cross-Section Spectra |
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111 | (2) |
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113 | (1) |
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114 | (1) |
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114 | (1) |
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115 | (1) |
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Laboratory 4: Biomedical Application of Scattering Measurements |
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115 | (2) |
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117 | (2) |
| 4 Microscopic Tissue Imaging |
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119 | (58) |
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Principles of Optical Microscopy |
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119 | (5) |
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Types of Contrast in Microscopy |
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124 | (10) |
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124 | (6) |
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Spectral Contrast: Scattering |
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130 | (1) |
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Spectral Contrast: Fluorescence |
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131 | (2) |
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Spectral Contrast: Nonlinear Scattering |
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133 | (1) |
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Depth Sectioning in Microscopy |
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134 | (4) |
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138 | (28) |
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Laboratory 1: Overview of the Microscope: Kohler Illumination |
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138 | (4) |
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138 | (2) |
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Materials and Sample Preparation |
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140 | (1) |
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140 | (1) |
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141 | (1) |
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Laboratory 2: Contrasts in Microscopy |
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142 | (3) |
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142 | (1) |
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142 | (1) |
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142 | (1) |
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142 | (1) |
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143 | (1) |
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Materials and Sample Preparation |
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143 | (1) |
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144 | (1) |
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145 | (1) |
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Laboratory 3: Build Your Own Microscope |
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145 | (5) |
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145 | (1) |
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146 | (1) |
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147 | (3) |
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Laboratory 4: Interference-Based Imaging |
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150 | (5) |
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151 | (1) |
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Materials and Sample Preparation |
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152 | (1) |
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152 | (2) |
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154 | (1) |
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Confocal Light Absorption and Scattering Spectroscopic Microscopy |
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155 | (1) |
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155 | (1) |
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Light Scattering Spectroscopy for the Determination of Particle Size |
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156 | (1) |
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Effect of Objective Lens on LSS |
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157 | (1) |
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Laboratory 5: Experimental Observation of LSS and Effect of Finite NA on LSS Spectrum |
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158 | (1) |
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Laboratory 6: Spectroscopic Microscopy and Thin-Film Interference |
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159 | (7) |
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160 | (1) |
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Thin-Film Interference Basics: Recovering Film Properties from Spectrum (Normal Incidence) |
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161 | (1) |
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Slab with Inhomogeneous Refractive Index |
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162 | (3) |
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Backscattering in Three-Dimensional Media |
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165 | (1) |
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166 | (7) |
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166 | (1) |
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166 | (4) |
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Experiment 1: Thin-Film Interference Observed from Microspheres |
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167 | (1) |
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Experiment 2: Interference Spectrum from an Inhomogeneous Film of Nanospheres |
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168 | (1) |
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Experiment 3: Interference Spectrum from a Biological Cell as an Inhomogeneous Film |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (1) |
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Experiment 1: Data Analysis |
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170 | (1) |
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Experiment 2: Sample Preparation |
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170 | (1) |
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171 | (1) |
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Laboratory 7: Measurement of Real and Imaginary Refractive Index of Cells |
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171 | (2) |
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171 | (1) |
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Relationship between the Real and Imaginary Parts of the Refractive Index |
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172 | (1) |
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173 | (2) |
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173 | (1) |
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173 | (1) |
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173 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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175 | (2) |
| 5 Tissue Spectroscopy |
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177 | (60) |
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Light Transport in a Medium with Continuously Varying Refractive Index |
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178 | (4) |
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178 | (1) |
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Differential Scattering Cross-Section |
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179 | (1) |
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Modeling Continuous Media with a Whittle-Matern Correlation Function |
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179 | (3) |
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182 | (1) |
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Phase Function-Corrected Diffusion Approximation |
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182 | (11) |
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182 | (1) |
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Transport Equation for the Phase Function-Corrected Radiance |
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183 | (5) |
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Derivation of the Phase Function-Corrected Radiance, Fluence Rate, and Reflectance |
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188 | (2) |
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Accuracy of the Phase Function-Corrected Diffusion Approximation |
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190 | (1) |
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Physical Interpretation of the Phase Function-Corrected Radiance |
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191 | (1) |
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Summary and Concluding Remarks |
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191 | (2) |
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Laboratory 1: Building a Spectrometer |
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193 | (3) |
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194 | (1) |
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194 | (1) |
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195 | (1) |
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196 | (1) |
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196 | (1) |
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Laboratory 2: Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy |
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196 | (4) |
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Measurement of Optical Properties |
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196 | (1) |
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197 | (1) |
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197 | (1) |
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198 | (1) |
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199 | (1) |
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200 | (1) |
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Laboratory 3: Measurement of Optical Properties of Tissue Using Spectroscopic Optical Coherence Tomography |
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200 | (7) |
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200 | (4) |
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204 | (1) |
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204 | (1) |
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204 | (2) |
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206 | (1) |
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206 | (1) |
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Laboratory 4: Depth-Selective Tissue Spectroscopy: Measuring Reflectance Impulse Response Function by Using Enhanced Backscattering |
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207 | (16) |
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Enhanced Backscattering: An Introduction |
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207 | (1) |
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207 | (3) |
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210 | (5) |
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Effects of Partial Spatial Coherence Illumination and Finite Illumination Spot Size on EBS |
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215 | (5) |
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220 | (1) |
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Penetration Depth and Measurement of Optical Properties Using Low-Coherence EBS |
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220 | (3) |
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223 | (4) |
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223 | (2) |
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225 | (2) |
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Laboratory 5: Depth-Selective Tissue Spectroscopy: Polarization-Gated Spectroscopy |
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227 | (3) |
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230 | (2) |
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230 | (1) |
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231 | (1) |
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231 | (1) |
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232 | (1) |
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232 | (1) |
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232 | (5) |
| 6 Computational Biophotonics |
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237 | (52) |
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Overview of Computational Biophotonics Methods |
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237 | (7) |
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Laboratory 1: Designing a Spherical Particle Suspension to Mimic Scattering Properties |
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244 | (8) |
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244 | (1) |
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245 | (1) |
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245 | (7) |
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Use Mie Code to Calculate qsca and g of a Microsphere |
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245 | (1) |
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Calculate Scattering Coefficient mus and Reduced Scattering Coefficient mus' |
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245 | (1) |
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246 | (1) |
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Local Fit for the Power Law |
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247 | (1) |
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Refractive Index and Dispersion |
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247 | (1) |
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247 | (1) |
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248 | (1) |
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Plot the Refractive Index Correlation Function of a Sphere Suspension |
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249 | (1) |
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Use the Born Approximation to Calculate the Scattering Properties of a Sphere Suspension |
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249 | (1) |
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Calculate the Refractive Index Correlation Function of a Sphere Mixture |
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250 | (1) |
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Write a Script to Optimize a Sphere Mixture to Mimic a Mass Fractal Dimension Df over the Visible Spectrum |
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250 | (2) |
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Laboratory 2: Generalized Multiparticle Mie Algorithm |
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252 | (6) |
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252 | (2) |
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254 | (13) |
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254 | (1) |
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254 | (1) |
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254 | (3) |
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257 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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Laboratory 3: Monte Carlo Simulations of Radiative Transport: Modeling Radial Probability Distribution from a Semi-Infinite Medium and Comparison with the Diffusion Approximation |
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258 | (9) |
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Monte Carlo Simulation Algorithm |
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259 | (6) |
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265 | (2) |
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Laboratory 4: The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method in Computational Biophotonics |
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267 | (14) |
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268 | (1) |
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Introduction to the FDTD Method |
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268 | (1) |
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Angora: An Open-Source FDTD Software Package |
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269 | (3) |
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270 | (1) |
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Compilation and Installation |
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270 | (1) |
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Running Simulations with Angora |
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271 | (1) |
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272 | (9) |
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272 | (5) |
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Scattering of Light from a Sphere: The Lorenz-Mie Solution |
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277 | (4) |
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Laboratory 5: Modeling Random Refractive Index Distribution in Tissue: Creating Random Volumes with Specified Covariance |
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281 | (5) |
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282 | (1) |
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283 | (3) |
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286 | (3) |
| Index |
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289 | |
Lisainfo e-raamatute kohta