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E-raamat: Photosensitive Glass and Glass-Ceramics

(Corning Inc., Corning, New York, USA)
  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 29-Jul-2016
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781315351773
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  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 29-Jul-2016
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781315351773
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Of the various phenomena that go under the name of photosensitive glass, Borrelli focuses here on the permanent variety--special glasses that are exposed to light in an initial state, then subsequently heated or otherwise treated to develop a permanent color or a change in refractive index. He covers the glass menagerie, photosensitive glasses, photosensitive glass-ceramics, photorefractive glasses, photochromic glasses, photoadaption, solarization, photochemistry in porous glass, and polarizing glass. Annotation ©2016 Ringgold, Inc., Portland, OR (protoview.com)

This book will discuss how glass and glass ceramic interact with light, both transiently and permanently. Ways that light permanently alter the properties of glass and glass ceramic like the color, refractive index, and mechanical and chemical behaviors will be included. Each photochromatic phenomenon will be discussed in detail from the physical and chemical origin to the method fabrication and ultimately to their utilization.

Arvustused

"Photosensitive Glass and Glass-Ceramics is a great balance of the underlying physics, chemistry, optics, and glass structure, thoroughly described in an easy-to-read style by an unquestioned authority on the topic. It is a must-read for any one working in photosensitive glass and glass-ceramics."John Ballato, Clemson University, South Carolina, USA

"A remarkable book written by an authoritative, highly accomplished, and internationally renowned glass scientist. Comprehensive, informative, and exceptionally well written, it is a must read for all involved in photosensitive glass and glass-ceramic materials." L. David Pye, New York State College of Ceramics at Alfred University, USA

"clear and straightforward at several levels; it fills a void for teaching at the undergraduate and graduate level. An important contribution to the history of materials science." Carlo Pantano, The Pennsylvania State University, USA

"Written with passion, this book is a masterpiece of science and technology domain." Eugen Pavel, Storex Technologies, Wilmington, Delaware, USA

Preface xi
Acknowledgments xiii
Author xv
Chapter 1 The Glass Menagerie
1(6)
1.1 Introduction
1(6)
References
5(2)
Chapter 2 Photosensitive Glasses
7(24)
2.1 General Introduction
7(5)
2.2 Photosensitizers
12(3)
2.2.1 A More Detailed Mechanism
14(1)
2.3 Electron and Hole Trapping
15(2)
2.4 Photosensitive Glass Compositions
17(5)
2.4.1 Noble Metal-Based
17(2)
2.4.2 Copper-Based
19(1)
2.4.3 Examples of Photosensitive Color
20(2)
2.5 Optical Absorption from Nanoparticles
22(9)
2.5.1 Computed Dielectric Functions
24(3)
2.5.2 A Comparison of the Experimental Results
27(2)
References
29(2)
Chapter 3 Photosensitive Glass-Ceramics
31(36)
3.1 Introduction and Background
31(1)
3.2 Noble Metal Nucleation
32(3)
3.3 Fota-Lite
35(4)
3.4 Polychromatic Glass
39(8)
3.4.1 Processes
41(1)
3.4.1.1 First Exposure and Thermal Treatment
41(1)
3.4.1.2 Second Exposure and Thermal Treatment
41(1)
3.4.2 Microstructures and Mechanisms
41(4)
3.4.3 Coloring Fota-Light
45(2)
3.5 Fotoform
47(13)
3.5.1 Chemical Machinability
49(3)
3.5.2 SMILE™ Lens Arrays
52(1)
3.5.3 Controlled CTE Fotoform
53(1)
3.5.4 Other Variations
54(6)
3.6 Second-Stage Nucleation
60(7)
3.6.1 NaF/Nepheline
60(1)
3.6.2 Exposure and Thermal Development
60(3)
3.6.3 LiF/Li-Aluminosilicate
63(2)
References
65(2)
Chapter 4 Photorefractive Glasses
67(28)
4.1 Introduction and Background
67(2)
4.2 Photorefractive Effects in NaF-Based Glasses
69(3)
4.2.1 Exposure and Thermal Treatment
70(1)
4.2.2 Characterization of the Photorefractive Effect
71(1)
4.3 Photorefractive Effect in Ag Halide-Containing Glasses
72(8)
4.3.1 Experimental Results
77(3)
4.4 Light-Induced Refractive Index Changes in Glasses
80(1)
4.5 Background on Ge-Containing Glasses
81(8)
4.5.1 H2-Loaded Silicogermanate Glass
82(2)
4.5.2 Induced Refractive Index
84(3)
4.5.3 Mechanism
87(2)
4.6 Other Glass Compositions
89(1)
4.6.1 Background
89(1)
4.6.2 Exposure Results
89(1)
4.7 Femtosecond Laser-Induced Index Changes
90(5)
4.7.1 Background
90(1)
4.7.2 Exposure
90(1)
4.7.3 Mechanism
91(1)
4.7.3.1 Color Center
92(1)
4.7.3.2 Structural Change
92(1)
References
93(2)
Chapter 5 Photochromic Glass
95(22)
5.1 Introduction and Background
95(11)
5.1.1 Ag Halide-Based Glass Composition
97(1)
5.1.2 Formation of the Ag Halide Phase
98(3)
5.1.3 Model for Fading
101(1)
5.1.4 Quantitative Model
102(4)
5.1 Cu Halide Photochromic Glasses
106(8)
5.2.1 Photochromic Behavior
107(2)
5.2.2 Experimental Data
109(2)
5.2.3 Exciton Feature
111(3)
5.3 Other Related Studies
114(3)
References
115(2)
Chapter 6 Photoadaption
117(24)
6.1 A Brief Introduction to the Photoadaption Phenomenon
117(2)
6.2 Photo-Induced Color and Anisotropy
119(10)
6.2.1 Absorption by UV Exposure
119(4)
6.2.2 Thermally Darkened
123(1)
6.2.3 Ag/Ion-Exchange Method of Induced Coloration
124(3)
6.2.4 Thin-Film Method
127(2)
6.3 The Ag/Ag Halide Bleaching Mechanism
129(2)
6.4 The Model
131(10)
6.4.1 The Optical Bleaching Mechanism
131(2)
6.4.2 Anisotropy
133(2)
Appendix 6A The Theory of Surface Plasmon Absorption
135(1)
Appendix 6B A Model Calculation for Induced Anisotropy
136(3)
References
139(2)
Chapter 7 Solarization
141(42)
7.1 Background
141(6)
7.1.1 Possible Origins of Color Centers in Glass
144(3)
7.2 Experimental Results
147(10)
7.2.1 Impurity-Induced Solarization
148(1)
7.2.1.1 Ti+4 Impurity
148(5)
7.2.1.2 Other Impurity Ions
153(4)
7.3 Inherent Color Centers
157(13)
7.3.1 Alkali Aluminosilicates
158(4)
7.3.2 Alkali Borosilicates
162(4)
7.3.3 Qualitative Mechanisms
166(2)
7.3.4 Thermal Annealing
168(2)
7.4 X-Ray-Induced Solarization
170(3)
7.5 Light-Induced Defects
173(10)
7.5.1 Experimental Results
173(1)
7.5.2 Mechanisms
174(2)
Appendix 7A A Photoconductivity Study
176(4)
References
180(3)
Chapter 8 Photochemistry in Porous Glass
183(22)
8.1 Introduction
183(4)
8.1.1 Porous Glass
183(4)
8.2 The Photosensitive Process
187(2)
8.2.1 Photosensitive Sample Preparation
187(1)
8.2.2 Photosensitive Molecules
188(1)
8.2.3 Exposure Sources and Methods
188(1)
8.3 Photosensitive Applications
189(16)
8.3.1 The Photo-Induced Magnetic Phase
189(1)
8.3.1.1 Sample Preparation
189(1)
8.3.1.2 Magnetic Properties
190(3)
8.3.2 Induced Refractive Index Changes
193(4)
8.3.3 Other Photosensitive/Vycor Phenomena
197(1)
8.3.3.1 The Preparation of the Semiconductor Nanophase
197(3)
8.3.3.2 Photocatalysis
200(3)
References
203(2)
Chapter 9 Polarizing Glass
205(20)
9.1 Introduction
205(1)
9.1.1 History and Background
205(1)
9.2 Novel Process Development
206(9)
9.2.1 Description of the New Method
207(3)
9.2.2 The Theory
210(2)
9.2.3 SEM Images
212(1)
9.2.4 Performance and Applications
212(3)
9.3 Stretched Ag-Containing Glasses
215(10)
9.3.1 Pt-Doped Ag-Containing Glass
215(2)
9.3.1 Pt-Initiated Nucleating Mechanism
217(2)
9.3.3 The Process
219(2)
9.3.4 Polarized Glass Results
221(2)
Appendix 9A The Method of High Temperature Redraw
223(1)
References
224(1)
Index 225
Nicholas F. Borrelli presently is in a position as a corporate research fellow in the research division of Corning Incorporated located in Corning NY.