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E-raamat: Planners Guide to CommunityViz: The Essential Tool for a New Generation of Planning

(President and Principal of Placeways in Boulder, Colorado, USA)
  • Formaat: 304 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 08-Nov-2017
  • Kirjastus: American Planning Association
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781351178907
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  • Formaat: 304 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 08-Nov-2017
  • Kirjastus: American Planning Association
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781351178907
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What does the future look like? Planners wrestle with this question daily as they strive to bring a community's vision of itself to life, in all its complexity. Here is an authoritative and accessible guide to a tool that combines 3-D visualization, data analysis and scenario building to let planners and citizens see the future impacts of a plan or development. The Planners Guide to CommunityViz is the first book to explain how to support planning projects with CommunityViz, GIS-based software that planners around the world are using to help decision-makers, professionals, and the public visualize, analyze, and communicate about development proposals, future growth patterns, and the outcome of particular plans or developments. It shows the planner which tools and techniques to use and how to use them for maximum effectiveness on planning projects large and small. Full of practical examples and case studies, the book shows how CommunityViz can enliven the comprehensive planning process from visioning, to public participation, to values mapping, to build-out analysis. Chapters show how to use CommunityViz to analyze zoning regulations, calculate the costs of community services, and evaluate development proposals requiring design review. In addition, it is applicable to transportation planning, natural-resource planning, land-development suitability assessment, and urban economic development analysis.

Arvustused

When communities and organizations want a tool that is easy to use, affordable, and informative, we recommend CommunityViz. Its flexibility, transparency, and robust modeling make it a tool we turn to in our mission to create vibrant, sustainable communities through informed and equitable decision-making. -Ken Snyder, President/CEO, PlaceMatters CommunityViz emerges as a mature tool with unmatched flexibility to construct and test robust scenarios at multiple scales in planning for sustainability. Along the way this engaging book also serves as a practical and straightforward primer on community planning. -Uri Avin FAICP, Regional Growth Management Leader, Parsons Brinckerhoff I've been waiting for this book for years and it's all I hoped it would be. The Planners Guide to CommunityViz makes it clear that CommunityViz is not just planning software, but a well-aligned vision of planning supported with tools, processes, techniques and even caveats. This will be the cornerstone documentation for GIS-based planning decision support for years to come. -Scott N. Lieske PhD, University of Wyoming GIS is more than maps-it's also sketching, modeling, analysis, visualization, and with the help of the CommunityViz extension, an ideal tool for community planning and citizen engagement. This book vividly demonstrates the multi-purpose, multi-layered nature of the technology. As a result, CommunityViz is changing the way planners use GIS. With its transparent and flexible design, CommunityViz opens up the planning process to more people. At the same time, it takes a lot of guesswork, speculation, and pure subjectivity out of the planning equation. -Jack Dangermond, President, Esri

Preface: The New Generation of Planning xiii
Introduction: Communities, Planning, and CommunityViz xvi
Computers and Planning xvi
A New Generation of Planning xvii
What CommunityViz Does xvii
CommunityViz Roots and Development xviii
CommunityViz and All Kinds of Planning xviii
The Orton Family Foundation's Heart & Soul Planning Philosophy xxi
Practical Benefits of New Generation Planning xxi
How to Use This Book xxii
Special Terms xxiv
CommunityViz: An Overview xxv
Scenario 360 xxv
Common Applications xxvii
Integration with ArcGIS xxvii
3-D Visualization within Scenario 360 xxvii
Scenario 3D xxvii
Scenario 3D Exporter and Viewer xxvii
I FOUNDATIONS
1(60)
Chapter 1 Getting Started
4(7)
Define Your Study Area
4(1)
Create an Area Profile
5(1)
Identify Problems and Forces of Change
6(1)
Identify Key People and Organizations
7(1)
Describe Decisions That Need to Be Made and Questions to Answer
8(2)
The CommunityViz Project Framework for Decision Making
8(2)
The Difference Between Decisions and Information
10(1)
Describe Goals
10(1)
Chapter 2 Technical Needs and Data Resources for CommunityViz
11(4)
Computing Resources and Technical Staff
11(1)
Data Resources
12(1)
Data Best Practices and Ethics
12(1)
Experts, Specialized Models, and Crowds
13(2)
Chapter 3 Planning Study Design Guidelines
15(13)
About Scenario Planning
15(3)
How Scenario Planning Principles Influence Project Design
18(1)
Geodesign and Making Decisions without Scenarios
18(1)
Project Practicalities
19(2)
Time and Budget
19(1)
Trade-Offs and Limitation of Feasible Planning Projects
20(1)
Analysis Design
21(3)
Iterative Design
23(1)
Design for Transparency
23(1)
Multimedia Design
24(2)
Visualization Priorities
25(1)
Technology Selection
26(1)
Communication Design
26(1)
Design for a Living Comprehensive Plan
26(2)
Chapter 4 Custom Impact Models and Analysis
28(8)
Why and When
28(1)
Types of Impact Models and How to Create Them
28(4)
Rate-Based Impact Models
29(1)
Coefficient-Based Impact Models
30(1)
Spatially Dependent Impact Models
31(1)
External Models
31(1)
How to Choose a Model
31(1)
Creating a Custom Analysis
32(1)
Technical Section: Dynamic Analysis in Scenario 360
32(4)
Dynamic Attributes
32(1)
Indicators
33(1)
Assumptions
34(1)
Scenarios
34(1)
Setup Tools
35(1)
Chapter 5 Three-Dimensional Scenes
36(14)
Why and When
36(1)
Choosing a 3-D Platform
36(1)
How 3-D Works
37(3)
Partly Transparent Textures
38(1)
Shadows and Lighting
38(1)
Active Materials
39(1)
How a 3-D Scene Is Built
39(1)
Creating a 3-D Scene
40(5)
Get Data
41(1)
Create a Base Model
42(1)
Model Development Proposals or Scenarios
43(1)
Create Presentation Aids
44(1)
Special Considerations for Metro and Regional Models
44(1)
Teaching Example
45(5)
Chapter 6 Getting the Most from 3-D
50(11)
The Art of Making Effective 3-D Scenes
50(2)
Providing Good Information
50(1)
Making the Computer-to-Real-World Connection
50(1)
Enhancing Subjective Feel
51(1)
Solutions to Common Challenges
52(2)
Soft Features
52(1)
Numerous Features
52(1)
Large Areas
53(1)
Uneven Terrain
54(1)
Choosing Accessories
54(1)
Conclusion
54(1)
Case Studies: Klamath River, California and Oregon;
55(2)
Manchester, Vermont
57(4)
II COMMUNITY VISIONING, VALUES, AND GROWTH PROJECTIONS
61(40)
Chapter 7 Visioning
63(12)
Why and When
63(1)
Beginning the Visioning Project
64(1)
Assessing the Current Situation
64(1)
Scenario Building
65(2)
Low-Tech Visioning
65(1)
Scenarios Created by the Public
66(1)
Scenarios Created Internally
67(1)
Best Practices for Creating Scenarios
67(1)
Selecting a Preferred Scenario
67(1)
Implementation Plan
68(1)
Teaching Example
68(4)
Case Study: Metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts
72(3)
Chapter 8 Growth Projections
75(15)
Land Use Designer
75(1)
Build-Out Wizard
76(4)
Build-Out Steps
78(1)
Density Rules
79(1)
Commercial Buildings
79(1)
Keeping Perspective
79(1)
TimeScope
80(1)
Allocator
81(1)
External Models
81(1)
Combining Growth-Planning Decision Tools
82(1)
Data Needs and Sources
82(1)
Teaching Example
83(4)
Case Study: Middlebury, Vermont
87(3)
Chapter 9 Value Mapping and Special Places
90(11)
Value Mapping
90(4)
Why and When
90(1)
Articulating Core Values
90(1)
Value Mapping Steps
90(1)
Making a Value Tree
91(1)
Value Elements
92(1)
Value Drivers
92(1)
Physical Form
93(1)
CommunityViz Value Indexes
93(1)
Using Value Mapping
94(1)
Mapping Special Places
94(1)
Case Studies: Allegheny County, Pennsylvania;
95(3)
Exeter, Rhode Island
98(3)
III MAKING PLANS
101(62)
Chapter 10 Local Comprehensive Plans
104(17)
Why and When
104(1)
Data Needs
104(2)
Describing Current Conditions
106(1)
Creating Scenarios
106(1)
Modeling Impacts
107(1)
Engaging the Public
108(1)
Teaching Example
109(6)
Case Studies: Durango, Colorado;
115(3)
Mooresville, North Carolina
118(3)
Chapter 11 Regional Land-Use and Transportation Plans
121(14)
Why and When
121(1)
Data Needs
121(2)
CommunityViz Tools
123(4)
Analysis Templates
123(1)
Scale-Changing Formula Functions
123(2)
Sketch Tools
125(1)
Linking to External Models
125(1)
Analysis Grids
125(2)
Teaching Example
127(4)
Case Studies: Greater Nashville, Tennessee;
131(2)
Washington County, Utah
133(2)
Chapter 12 Site Selection and Assessment
135(14)
Why and When
135(1)
Suitability Concepts
136(1)
CommunityViz Tools for Suitability Analysis
137(2)
Suitability Wizard
137(1)
Nested Suitability
138(1)
Categories
138(1)
Alerts
138(1)
Assumptions and Charts
138(1)
Symbology Tools
139(1)
Scoring Systems for Centers and Neighborhoods
139(2)
Teaching Example
141(3)
Case Studies: Squamish, British Columbia, Canada;
144(3)
Calumet County, Wisconsin
147(2)
Chapter 13 Resource Plans
149(14)
Data Needs and Sources
149(2)
Working with Raster Data
150(1)
Valuing Resources
151(1)
Conditions and Targets
151(1)
Assessing Implementation Strategies
152(1)
CommunityViz Tools
152(6)
Scientific Modeling
152(1)
Evaluation of BMPs
153(1)
Optimizer
153(1)
LandFrag Wizard
154(1)
Teaching Example
154(4)
Case Studies: Topsham, Maine;
158(2)
Delmarva Peninsula, Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia
160(3)
IV REVIEWING REGULATIONS AND DEVELOPMENT PROPOSALS
163(34)
Chapter 14 Analyzing Zoning Regulations
166(10)
Why and When
166(1)
Data Needs
166(1)
Zoning Development Capacity Analysis Using the Build-Out Wizard
166(4)
Zoning Development Capacity Calculations Outside the Build-Out Wizard
170(1)
Estimating Capacity Utilization
171(1)
Teaching Example
171(5)
Chapter 15 Cost-of-Services Analyses, Capital Improvements, and Pro Formas
176(9)
Data Needs and Sources
177(1)
Setting up a Cost-of-Services Analysis
177(2)
Using a Cost-of-Services Analysis
179(1)
Analyzing Subdivision and Land-Development Regulations
179(1)
Pro Forma Analyses
180(1)
Teaching Example
180(5)
Chapter 16 Design Review and Form-Based Codes
185(1)
About 3-D Modeling for Design Reviews and Form-Based Codes
185(2)
Using 3-D for Design Review
187(1)
Modeling Proposals for Design Review
187(1)
Displaying the Scene
187(1)
Using 3-D for Drafting and Applying Form-Based Codes
188(1)
Indicators for Design Review and Form-Based Codes
189(1)
Site-Specific Indicators
189(1)
Comparative Community Indicators
189(1)
Teaching Example
190(4)
Case Study: Westminster, Colorado
194
V COMMUNICATING AND INTERACTING
197(121)
Chapter 17 Public Meetings, Presentations, and Charrettes
198(18)
Why and When
198(1)
Public Meetings
199(1)
Charrettes
199(3)
Presentation Techniques and Best Practices
202(4)
Designing the Analysis
202(1)
Understanding the Audience
202(1)
Designing the Display
203(1)
Speaking with CommunityViz
204(1)
Venue and Logistics
205(1)
Presenting 3-D Scenes
206(1)
Keypads and Online Polling
207(2)
CommunityViz in Workgroups
209(1)
Workgroup Learning Curves
209(3)
Introducing Interactive Capabilities to Workgroups
210(1)
Best Practices for Using CommunityViz with Workgroups
210(2)
Case Studies: Fort Lupton, Colorado;
212(2)
Northern Rocky Mountains, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, and Alberta and British Columbia, Canada
214(2)
Chapter 18 Reports, Displays, and Websites
216(7)
Reporting and Display Features
216(1)
Reporting and Display Best Practices
216(2)
Images of 3-D Scenes
218(1)
Project Website
218(5)
Web-Ready Reports
218(1)
Website Images and Data
218(2)
WebShots Wizard
220(1)
3-D Scenes on the Web
220(1)
Sharing a Complete Analysis on the Web
221(1)
More Web Options
222(1)
Chapter 19 Beyond Planning Projects
223(5)
Anticipating Planning Problems
223(1)
Connecting Plans to Day-to-Day Processes
224(1)
Supporting Other Departments
225(3)
APPENDICES
228(23)
Appendix 1 When and How to Get Help
228(3)
Readiness Self-Assessment
228(1)
CommunityViz Skills
228(1)
Technical Environment
228(1)
Organizational Readiness
228(1)
Partners and Collaborators
228(1)
Modeling Skills and Resources
229(1)
Staffing for CommunityViz
229(1)
Working with Consultants
229(1)
CommunityViz Resources
230(1)
Appendix 2 Data Management
231(3)
Data Management Best Practices for Analysis
231(1)
Data Management Best Practices for 3-D Visualization
232(1)
Using Data from Multiple Sources
232(2)
Appendix 3 Performance
234(4)
Analysis Performance
234(1)
3-D Performance
235(3)
Appendix 4 Data Sources
238(5)
Appendix 5 CommunityViz Features
243(8)
Scenario 360 Features
243(1)
Integration with ArcGIS
243(1)
3-D Visualization
243(1)
Dynamic Charts
243(1)
Scenarios
243(1)
Decision Tools
244(1)
Interactive Analysis and Modeling
245(2)
Communication and Engagement
247(1)
Scenario 3D Features
248(1)
Scenario 3D Exporter
249(1)
Scenario 3D Viewer
250(1)
Contacts 251(2)
References 253(1)
Glossary 254(9)
Acknowledgments 263(1)
Index 264
Doug Walker is president and principal of Placeways in Boulder, Colorado.

Tom Daniels is a professor in the Department of City and Regional Planning at the University of Pennsylvania.