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E-raamat: Port Economics, Management and Policy

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  • Ilmumisaeg: 31-Jan-2022
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000526936
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  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 31-Jan-2022
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000526936

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"Port Economics, Management and Policy provides a comprehensive analysis of the contemporary port industry, showing how ports are organized to serve the global economy and support regional and local development. Structured in nine sections, this textbookexamines a wide range of seaport topics, covering maritime shipping and international trade, port terminals, port governance, port competition, port policy and much more. Key features of the book include its: Multidisciplinary perspective, drawing on economics, geography, management science and engineering Multisector analysis including containers, bulk, break-bulk and the cruise industry Focus on the latest industry trends, such as supply chain management, automation, digitalization and sustainability Benefitting from the authors' extensive involvement in shaping the port sector across five continents, this text provides students and scholars with a valuable resource on ports and maritime transport systems. Practitioners and policymakers can also use this as an essential guide towards better port management and governance"--

Port Economics, Management and Policy provides a comprehensive analysis of the contemporary port industry, showing how ports are organized to serve the global economy and support regional and local development.

Arvustused

"With the ongoing global supply chain crisis, accelerated digitalization, and the historical challenge of decarbonizing maritime transport, seaports have come to the forefront of the public debate. "Port Economics, Management and Policy" could not be more timely. The three authors leading scholars in their field have produced a magnificent book on the organization of seaports, and how port operation and governance can and must contribute to regional, national, and global trade-driven development."

Jan Hoffmann, Head, Trade Logistics Branch, UNCTAD

"Comprehensive in its coverage and thorough in its approach, this multi-disciplinary book has something for every reader. It will be easily understood by those new to the industry or citizens of the local port community, and yet contains nuggets of insight for the most seasoned port professionals. This book will assist those in local government make sense of what ports can do beyond their role as facilitators of trade, exploring their contribution as critical economic, social and environmental tools of development. The authors have not shied away from tackling the emerging trends in this global industry and provide six case studies to enhance our understanding of ports in the 2020s."

Mary R. Brooks, Professor Emerita, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada

"Port Economics, Management and Policy is such an excellent source of knowledge about our cruise industry. We clearly see in a concise manner how we grew up and develop over the years but also the maps and graphs put the light from new perspectives. Thank you Thanos Pallis, Theo Notteboom and Jean-Paul Rodrigue for this great book."

Figen Ayan, MedCruise President - Galataport Istanbul Chief Port Officer

"Port Economics, Management and Policy is a very insightful and valuable analysis of the different models of ports and how they are organized to serve the global economy, regional and local development needs. The book also provides an exhaustive overview of how port ecosystems are becoming logistic and industrial nodes in global supply chains and currently undergoing major transformations. A book to be read by all persons interested in ports and their future role."

Lamia Kerdjoudj-Belkaid, Secretary General Federation of European Private Port Companies and Terminals (FEPORT)

"While the role of ports hasnt changed significantly since the dawn of ocean-going trade, their impact and complexity parallel the expansion of globalization and technology. Port Economics, Management and Policy charts this evolution through a thorough, multidisciplinary and multisector review and analysis that deftly explains how supply chain management, automation, digitalization, and sustainability will shape ports of the future."

Mark Szakonyi, Executive Editor, Journal of Commerce, IHS Market

"One of the daily tasks of any Port Authority is to promote the port activity of all its stakeholders and to make known all the actors of the port-logistic chain and their great contribution to international foreign trade and job creation. This handbook touches on practically all aspects of our sector and is of great help to all of us involved in port promotion: a comprehensive and easy-to-use reference manual for any occasion."

Francesca Antonelli Ibáñez, Marketing & Cruises Manager - Commercial & Business Development. Port Authority of Valencia, Spain.

"I warmly recommend Port Economics, Management and Policy" by Theo Notteboom, Thanos Pallis and Jean-Paul Rodrigue. Having personally worked with the authors over many years, I have come to know them as anything but ivory tower academics. They combine solid theoretical knowledge with a thorough understanding of how the port and maritime industry works. That is what makes this textbook so unique and a must-have for every port executive."

Patrich Verhoeven, Managing Director, International Association of Ports & Harbors (IAPH)

"The new book by Theo Notteboom, Thanos Pallis and Jean-Paul Rodrigue, provides the most comprehensive analysis of the current functioning of seaports for academics and port professionals. This publication is particularly relevant from a pedagogic perspective for anybody giving the first steps in the port and maritime world, but also for experienced scholars. For AIVP, the work from these authors is very valuable, since it addresses all port key topics, from terminal design, to the governance models and the port-city relationship. A key reference for future researchers. "

Bruno Delsalle, General Manager, Association Internationale Villes Ports (AIVP)

Part I Ports and maritime shipping 1(104)
Chapter 1.1 Maritime shipping and international trade
1(17)
1 Maritime shipping as a driver of globalization
1(1)
2 Ongoing growth of international trade
2(4)
3 The containerization of trade
6(4)
3.1 The emergence of the container
6(1)
3.2 Containerized trade networks
7(1)
3.3 Containerized growth dynamics
8(2)
4 The shift in global trade patterns
10(5)
5 International trade and maritime shipping services
15(3)
5.1 Maritime services in dry bulk shipping
15(1)
5.2 Maritime services in the roll-on/roll-off (RoRo) market
16(1)
5.3 Maritime services in the general cargo market
17(1)
5.4 Maritime services in container shipping
17(1)
Chapter 1.2 Ports and maritime supply chains
18(14)
1 Growing complexity in supply chain management
18(4)
1.1 Customer expectations
19(1)
1.2 Globalization
19(1)
1.3 Technological innovation
20(1)
1.4 Regulation and competition
20(1)
1.5 Sustainability
21(1)
2 Improving competitiveness
22(3)
2.1 Operating margins and cost control
22(1)
2.2 Cost leadership and differentiation strategies
23(2)
3 The role of third-party logistics services
25(2)
4 Functional integration in the logistics industry
27(3)
4.1 Vertical integration
27(1)
4.2 Horizontal integration
28(2)
4.3 E-fulfilment and e-commerce
30(1)
5 Information technologies and digital transformation
30(2)
Chapter 1.3 Ports and container shipping
32(25)
1 An asset-based industry
32(3)
2 Freight rates and surcharges
35(3)
3 Scale enlargement in vessel size
38(4)
4 Horizontal integration: operational agreements and M&A
42(3)
5 Vertical integration: extending the scope of operations
45(2)
6 Container services and networks
47(7)
6.1 Container service network patterns
47(4)
6.2 The design of container liner services
51(3)
7 The connectivity of container ports in maritime networks
54(3)
Chapter 1.4 Ports and distribution networks
57(13)
1 Ports as locations for distribution centers
57(2)
2 Warehousing activities in supply chains
59(4)
2.1 Warehouses and fulfillment centers
59(2)
2.2 Main trends in the warehousing sector
61(2)
3 Regional distribution networks
63(7)
3.1 Choice of distribution system
64(1)
3.2 Location selection for distribution centers
65(1)
3.3 Value-added logistics services
66(4)
Chapter 1.5 Ports and cruise shipping
70(19)
1 Evolution of cruise shipping
70(4)
2 Growth drivers
74(1)
3 Upgraded vessels and onboard amenities
75(3)
4 Scale and market
78(4)
5 Globalization of deployment patterns
82(3)
6 Internationalization of source markets
85(2)
7 Market concentration and multi-brand strategies
87(2)
Chapter 1.6 Interoceanic passages
89(16)
1 Global maritime routes and chokepoints
89(4)
2 The Suez Canal
93(2)
3 The Panama Canal
95(4)
4 The Strait of Malacca
99(2)
5 The Strait of Hormuz
101(1)
6 Other important passages
102(3)
Part II Contemporary ports 105(78)
Chapter 2.1 The changing geography of seaports
105(12)
1 The geography of ports
105(3)
1.1 Geographical considerations
105(1)
1.2 Historical considerations
106(2)
2 The evolution of contemporary ports
108(6)
2.1 Conventional port sites
111(1)
2.2 Containerization
111(1)
2.3 Mega port facilities
112(1)
2.4 Ports on the periphery
113(1)
2.5 Automation
114(1)
3 Port migration
114(2)
4 Maritime regions
116(1)
Chapter 2.2 Port hinterlands, regionalization and corridors
117(23)
1 The hinterland concept
117(4)
2 The Hinterland as part of the maritime/land interface
121(1)
3 The hinterland focus of market players
122(3)
4 Port regionalization
125(3)
5 Hinterland accessibility
128(2)
5.1 Definition in a port context
128(1)
5.2 Stakeholders in hinterland accessibility
129(1)
5.3 Centrality and hinterland accessibility
129(1)
6 Transport corridors
130(7)
6.1 Definition and performance
130(3)
6.2 Rail corridors
133(2)
6.3 Inland waterways as hinterland corridors
135(2)
7 Cargo bundling in hinterland transport
137(3)
7.1 Cargo bundling options
137(1)
7.2 Cargo bundling in seaport areas
138(1)
7.3 Specific considerations related to cargo bundling
139(1)
Chapter 2.3 Dry ports
140(15)
1 A new role for inland terminals
140(3)
2 Driving forces
143(2)
3 Functions within transport chains
145(5)
4 The regional impacts of inland ports
150(4)
4.1 Europe
150(2)
4.2 North America
152(2)
4.3 East and Southeast Asia
154(1)
5 Future prospects
154(1)
Chapter 2.4 Digital transformation
155(13)
1 The digital transformation of ports
155(3)
2 Disruptive ICT innovations for ports
158(3)
2.1 Automation and innovation
158(1)
2.2 Automation and robotics
159(1)
2.3 The Internet of Things (IoT) and big data analytics
160(1)
2.4 Simulation and virtual reality
161(1)
3 Port community systems and blockchains
161(6)
4 Digitalization in cruise ports
167(1)
Chapter 2.5 Green supply chain management in ports
168(15)
1 The greening of supply chains
168(1)
2 Green design, procurement and manufacturing
169(2)
2.1 Eco-design and green process engineering
169(1)
2.2 Green procurement and purchasing
170(1)
2.3 Green production and remanufacturing
170(1)
3 Energy and transportation efficiency
171(3)
3.1 Energy efficiency in supply chain management
171(1)
3.2 Green logistics, distribution and transportation
172(2)
4 Drivers of GSCM and corporate strategy
174(2)
4.1 Green supply chains and environmental management systems
174(1)
4.2 GSCM and corporate profitability
174(1)
4.3 Incentives for GSCM
175(1)
5 GSCM and ports
176(7)
5.1 Green shipping
177(2)
5.2 Green port development and operations
179(1)
5.3 Green inland logistics, modal shift and inland terminals
179(1)
5.4 Seaports and the circular economy
180(2)
5.5 Knowledge development
182(1)
Part III Port terminals 183(98)
Chapter 3.1 Terminals and terminal operators
183(18)
1 Port terminals
183(2)
2 Global terminal operators
185(8)
2.1 Private involvement in port terminal operations
185(1)
2.2 Typology of port holdings
186(5)
2.3 Global terminal operators
191(2)
3 The strategies of container terminal operators
193(2)
4 Cruise terminal operators
195(6)
4.1 The emergence of cruise terminal operators
195(1)
4.2 Strategies of cruise terminal operators
196(1)
4.3 The internationalization of cruise terminal operators
197(4)
Chapter 3.2 Terminal concessions and land leases
201(15)
1 Private involvement in port investment and operation
201(2)
2 Terminal concessions
203(1)
3 The terminal awarding procedure
203(4)
4 The pre-bidding phase
207(4)
4.1 Object of the concession
208(1)
4.2 Main use of the terminal
208(1)
4.3 Splitting and phasing of the terminal site
208(2)
4.4 The division of risks and investments
210(1)
4.5 Duration of the concession period
210(1)
4.6 Concession fees and fee structure
211(1)
4.7 Final asset compensation
211(1)
5 The prequalification phase
211(1)
5.1 Dealing with incumbent terminal operators
212(1)
5.2 Experience and financial strength
212(1)
6 The selection phase
212(2)
6.1 The technical and financial proposal
213(1)
6.2 Price bid
214(1)
7 Post-bidding phase
214(2)
7.1 The concession agreement
214(1)
7.2 Throughput guarantees
215(1)
7.3 Effectiveness of sanctions in concession agreements
215(1)
Chapter 3.3 Financialization and terminal funding
216(9)
1 The financialization of the terminal industry
216(2)
2 Risks and terminal investments
218(4)
2.1 Port terminals as financial risk factors
218(2)
2.2 Port specific risks for terminal operators
220(1)
2.3 Implications for concessions
221(1)
3 Funding and financing of terminal development
222(3)
Chapter 3.4 Container terminal design and equipment
225(11)
1 The design of container terminals
225(2)
2 Container terminal equipment
227(2)
3 Maritime operations
229(1)
4 Yard and auxiliary operations
230(2)
5 Hinterland connectivity
232(1)
6 Conventional vs. automated terminal configuration
233(1)
7 Terminal capacity use and optimization
234(2)
Chapter 3.5 Bulk and break-bulk terminal design and equipment
236(8)
1 Major dry bulk terminals
236(4)
2 Minor dry bulk terminals
240(1)
3 Liquid bulk terminals
240(1)
4 RoRo terminals
241(1)
5 Break-bulk terminals
242(2)
Chapter 3.6 Cruise terminal design and equipment
244(8)
1 Cruise terminals
244(1)
2 Maritime infrastructure
245(2)
3 Apron area of the cruise terminal
247(1)
4 Cruise terminal building
248(1)
5 Embarkation and disembarkation processes
249(2)
6 Ground transportation
251(1)
Chapter 3.7 Port labor
252(11)
1 Employment effects of cargo handling
252(2)
2 Dock labor
254(5)
2.1 Market requirements
254(1)
2.2 Productivity
255(1)
2.3 Cost efficiency
256(1)
2.4 Qualitative aspects of labor performance
256(2)
2.5 Legal and social conditions and state of technology
258(1)
3 Meeting market requirements
259(1)
3.1 Deployment of new technology
259(1)
3.2 The legal status of dockworkers
259(1)
3.3 Open and autonomous labor pool systems
260(1)
4 Improving port work conditions
260(3)
4.1 Increased training initiatives and modalities
260(1)
4.2 A push for continuous work
261(1)
4.3 Composition of gangs or teams
261(1)
4.4 Changes in hiring systems
261(1)
4.5 Specialization, categorization and qualification
262(1)
4.6 Enhancing motivation and commitment
262(1)
Chapter 3.8 Terminal automation
263(8)
1 Automating terminals
263(3)
1.1 Yard automation
264(1)
1.2 Terminal interface automation
264(1)
1.3 Foreland and hinterland automation
265(1)
2 The port automation drive
266(2)
3 Automated container terminals
268(3)
Chapter 3.9 Port terminal construction
271(10)
1 Greenfield and brownfield sites
271(1)
2 Nautical access to terminals
272(3)
3 Quay wall construction
275(6)
3.1 Embedded retaining walls
276(1)
3.2 Gravity walls
277(2)
3.3 Suspended deck structures (piles)
279(2)
Part IV Port governance 281(84)
Chapter 4.1 Port governance and reform
281(20)
1 Port governance
281(8)
1.1 Defining port governance
281(2)
1.2 Port governance objectives
283(1)
1.3 Port governance tasks
284(2)
1.4 Port governance configuration
286(2)
1.5 Realignment of port governance
288(1)
2 Towards modern port governance
289(5)
2.1 Waves of port reform
289(4)
2.2 Types of endorsed reforms
293(1)
3 Contemporary port governance models
294(7)
3.1 Public and private roles in port management
294(2)
3.2 Public ownership remains dominant
296(1)
3.3 The extensive use of concessions
297(1)
3.4 Lessons from full port privatization
298(1)
3.5 Governance approaches across port sizes
299(1)
3.6 The role of the institutional setting
299(2)
Chapter 4.2 Port authorities
301(11)
1 Port authority: a definition
301(1)
2 Functions of port authorities
302(3)
3 Port authority responsibilities
305(2)
3.1 The port authority as a landlord
305(1)
3.2 The port authority as an operator
306(1)
3.3 The port authority as a regulator
307(1)
4 The port authority as a cluster manager
307(2)
4.1 Cluster leaders
307(1)
4.2 Stakeholder relationships management
308(1)
5 Port authorities' role in cruise ports governance
309(2)
6 Ownership of port authorities
311(1)
Chapter 4.3 Port coordination and cooperation
312(16)
1 Coordination of port activities
312(2)
2 Coordination in container terminal operations
314(1)
3 Cooperation between ports
315(13)
3.1 Emerging cooperation schemes
315(1)
3.2 Port networking
316(4)
3.3 Merging of port authorities
320(8)
Chapter 4.4 Port clusters
328(11)
1 Port cluster formation
328(1)
2 Activities in port clusters
329(6)
2.1 Transport and cargo handling
329(3)
2.2 Logistics
332(1)
2.3 Industrial activities
332(2)
2.4 Energy
334(1)
3 Port-centric logistics
335(3)
4 Port cluster governance
338(1)
Chapter 4.5 Green port governance
339(17)
1 Port authorities and green ports
339(5)
1.1 Sources of environmental pollution in ports
339(4)
1.2 The greening of port management
343(1)
2 Instruments and tools for promoting green ports
344(4)
2.1 Penalty and incentive pricing
344(1)
2.2 Monitoring and measuring
344(2)
2.3 Market access control and environmental standard regulation
346(2)
3 Challenges to green port governance
348(2)
4 Green port governance and stakeholders
350(1)
5 Green cruise ports
350(6)
5.1 The cruise environmental challenge
350(1)
5.2 Waste management
351(2)
5.3 Emission control
353(2)
5.4 Regulating an emerging industry
355(1)
Chapter 4.6 Port management, governance and leadership
356(9)
1 Leadership challenges for port directors and executive staff
356(2)
2 The need for alignment on the port mission
358(3)
2.1 Alignment between the port executive team and the board members
359(1)
2.2 Alignment of port mission with customer and stakeholder goals
360(1)
3 The view from the top: the port director position
361(2)
4 Board relations
363(2)
Part V Port competition 365(50)
Chapter 5.1 Inter-port competition
365(7)
1 The port competition concept
365(1)
2 Geographical and functional levels of port competition
366(1)
2.1 Intra-port competition
366(1)
2.2 Inter-port competition within a multi-port gateway region
366(1)
2.3 Inter-port competition within a port range
367(1)
2.4 Inter-range competition
367(1)
3 Port competitive advantages
367(3)
4 Determinants of port competitiveness
370(2)
Chapter 5.2 Intra-port competition
372(7)
1 Intra-port competition
372(1)
2 Benefits of intra-port competition
373(5)
2.1 Rent-seeking behavior by service providers
373(4)
2.2 Specialization, flexible adaptation and innovation
377(1)
3 Conditions and effects of intra-port competition
378(1)
Chapter 5.3 Port marketing
379(11)
1 Ports and their customers
379(2)
2 Marketing objectives and actions
381(5)
3 Increasing customer loyalty
386(4)
3.1 Communication with customers
386(1)
3.2 Listening to front-line people
387(1)
3.3 Service failure recovery
387(1)
3.4 Identify potential defectors
388(1)
3.5 Complaint management
388(1)
3.6 Capitalize on positive communication
388(1)
3.7 Usage of exit barriers
389(1)
3.8 Customer differentiation
389(1)
3.9 Pricing strategies
390(1)
Chapter 5.4 Port pricing
390(16)
1 Port pricing strategies
390(3)
2 Pricing and asset utilization
393(1)
3 Pricing and customer management
394(1)
4 Price incentives for port customers
395(2)
4.1 Volume incentives
395(1)
4.2 Service incentives
396(1)
4.3 Utilization incentives
396(1)
4.4 Gain-sharing incentives
397(1)
5 Port pricing by port authorities
397(4)
5.1 General considerations
397(1)
5.2 Port dues
398(2)
5.3 Port concessions/land fees
400(1)
6 Structures of port charges
401(5)
6.1 Charges at container terminals
401(3)
6.2 Cruise terminals
404(2)
Chapter 5.5 Entry barriers in seaports
406(9)
1 Entry barriers in seaports
406(2)
2 Economic entry barriers
408(2)
2.1 Minimum efficient scale of port services
408(1)
2.2 Switching costs
409(1)
2.3 Sunk costs
410(1)
3 Regulatory, institutional and geography entry barriers
410(1)
4 Policies to reduce entry barriers
411(4)
Part VI Port performance 415(46)
Chapter 6.1 Port performance
415(9)
1 Port performance components
415(1)
2 Performance measurement: industry level initiatives
416(8)
Chapter 6.2 Port efficiency
424(14)
1 Dimensions of port efficiency
424(1)
2 Operational efficiency
425(3)
2.1 The port efficiency continuum
425(2)
2.2 Container terminal efficiency
427(1)
2.3 Performance and the upscale of port operations
428(1)
3 Market capture
428(2)
4 Connectivity performance
430(1)
5 Environmental performance
430(2)
6 Financial performance
432(2)
7 Port governance performance
434(3)
8 Socio-economic performance
437(1)
Chapter 6.3 Port effectiveness
438(7)
1 Effectiveness component of port performance
438(1)
2 Evaluation of port effectiveness
439(2)
3 Supply chain approach to effectiveness
441(1)
4 Variation in stakeholders' perspectives
442(2)
5 Cruise ports performance
444(1)
Chapter 6.4 Port resilience
445(16)
1 Defining resilience
445(2)
2 Shocks and disruptions impacting ports
447(2)
3 Ports and natural disruptions
449(3)
3.1 Extreme weather events
449(1)
3.2 Geophysical disruptions
449(2)
3.3 Climate change
451(1)
4 Ports and anthropogenic disruptions
452(4)
4.1 Accidents
452(1)
4.2 Labor disputes
453(1)
4.3 Economic and geopolitical events
454(1)
4.4 Information technologies
455(1)
4.5 Pandemics
455(1)
5 Adaptation mechanisms
456(5)
Part VII Port policies and development 461(84)
Chapter 7.1 Ports, policies, and politics
461(21)
1 Multi-level port policy making
461(1)
2 National policies for ports
462(4)
2.1 National port policies themes
462(2)
2.2 Competition policies
464(1)
2.3 Port related policies
465(1)
2.4 The Harbor Master
465(1)
3 International port policies
466(7)
3.1 International organizations
466(4)
3.2 Supranational port policies: European Union
470(2)
3.3 Federal port policies: North America
472(1)
3.4 National perspectives: China
472(1)
4 Port policy issues
473(4)
4.1 Emissions control
473(2)
4.2 Port security
475(2)
4.3 International policies for dock labor
477(1)
5 Ports and geopolitics
477(5)
Chapter 7.2 Ports and economic development
482(13)
1 Ports and economic change
482(3)
2 The economic benefits of ports: direct, indirect and induced effects
485(3)
3 Assessing the economic benefits of port investments
488(2)
4 Employment effects of ports
490(2)
5 Measuring employment effects
492(2)
6 Global-local mismatch of the economic benefits of ports
494(1)
Chapter 7.3 Port planning and development
495(22)
1 Strategic Port planning
495(5)
1.1 Port planning in its context
495(1)
1.2 Strategic port planning in a changing market environment
496(1)
1.3 The strategic port planning process
497(3)
1.4 Approaches to the port planning process
500(1)
2 Data collection in port planning
500(1)
3 Traffic forecasting as part of port planning and development
501(5)
3.1 Rationale behind traffic forecasting
501(2)
3.2 Forecasting methods
503(2)
3.3 Challenges and pitfalls in traffic forecasting
505(1)
4 Stakeholder involvement in port planning and development
506(5)
4.1 Who are the stakeholders?
506(2)
4.2 Key principles of effective stakeholder relations management (SRM)
508(3)
4.3 SRM and the port objective struggle
511(1)
5 Adaptive port planning
511(4)
6 Port infrastructure project evaluation
515(2)
6.1 Procedures and guidelines
515(1)
6.2 Evaluation methods
516(1)
Chapter 7.4 Port-city relationships
517(18)
1 Cities and global hubs
517(4)
1.1 The growing role of megacities in trade
517(2)
1.2 Cities as maritime and logistics hubs
519(2)
2 Port-city interactions: divergence
521(3)
3 Waterfront redevelopment
524(5)
3.1 Waterfront redevelopment as a form of new urbanism
524(1)
3.2 Waterfront redevelopment and expanding port activities
525(1)
3.3 Waterfront redevelopment as part of stakeholder relations management
526(3)
4 Port-city interactions: sustainable cruise growth
529(4)
4.1 Reversing social perceptions
530(1)
4.2 Expanding in line with local strategies
531(1)
4.3 Sustaining an international agenda
532(1)
5 Port-city interactions: sustainability
533(2)
Chapter 7.5 Representing port interests
535(10)
1 Port and terminal associations
535(7)
2 Trade unions
542(1)
3 Port services providers
543(1)
4 Port users
543(2)
Part VIII Port markets 545(58)
Chapter 8.1 Cruise ports
545(17)
1 An expanding cruise port system
545(1)
2 Typologies of cruise ports
546(4)
2.1 The port element
546(3)
2.2 The tourism element
549(1)
2.3 Cruise port services
549(1)
3 The competitiveness of cruise ports
550(8)
3.1 Port choice and itineraries
550(2)
3.2 Infrastructure upgrade
552(1)
3.3 Relationships with cruise lines
553(1)
3.4 Scale of cruise port calls
554(1)
3.5 Seasonality of cruise activities
555(2)
3.6 Cruise ports: competition and co-opetition
557(1)
4 Home port
558(3)
5 Localization of cruise supply chains
561(1)
Chapter 8.2 Break bulk
562(13)
1 The origins of the break bulk market
562(3)
1.1 The pre-container era
562(1)
1.2 The shift to unit load
563(1)
1.3 The impact of containerization
564(1)
2 The current break bulk market
565(1)
3 The break bulk fleet
566(3)
3.1 Conventional liner type concepts
566(1)
3.2 Barge carriers
567(1)
3.3 Container ships
567(1)
3.4 Forest product carrier
567(1)
3.5 Heavy lift and project carriers
567(1)
3.6 Conventional reefer ships
568(1)
3.7 Roll-on roll-off vessels
568(1)
4 Major break bulk market segments
569(5)
4.1 Common market developments
569(1)
4.2 The steel market
570(1)
4.3 Fresh fruit
570(1)
4.4 Forest products
571(1)
4.5 Project cargo
572(1)
4.6 Coffee and cocoa
573(1)
5 Break bulk: generating employment and added-value in ports
574(1)
Chapter 8.3 Ports and energy
575(10)
1 The origin of energy markets
575(1)
2 Main port energy markets
575(5)
2.1 Coal
576(1)
2.2 Petroleum
576(2)
2.3 Natural gas
578(1)
2.4 Bunker fuel
579(1)
3 The maritime shipping of energy
580(3)
4 Energy and ports
583(2)
Chapter 8.4 Containers
585(9)
1 The box market
586(1)
2 Empty container flows
587(3)
3 Repositioning scales
590(1)
4 Repositioning strategies
591(2)
5 The digitalization of containers
593(1)
Chapter 8.5 Port cold chains
594(9)
1 Cold chain logistics
594(3)
2 Refrigerated containers
597(3)
2.1 The reefer market
597(2)
2.2 Technical considerations
599(1)
3 Reefer terminal facilities
600
Epilog
1 Dealing with volatility and shifts in port demand
603(1)
2 International and regional functions of ports
603(1)
3 Leading the way in environmental and social challenges
604(1)
4 Agile ports thinking
604(1)
5 The changing face of port competition
605(1)
6 Towards a multi-scalar approach to port performance
606(1)
7 The search for the right port governance
606(1)
8 Sustaining functional diversity
607(1)
9 A note from the authors
607
Theo Notteboom is Chair Professor at the Maritime Institute of Ghent University, a part-time Professor at Antwerp Maritime Academy and the University of Antwerp, and Visiting Research Professor at Shanghai Maritime University.

Athanasios Pallis is Professor in Ports and Maritime Economics and Policy at the Department of Maritime Studies, University of Piraeus, Greece, and is President of the International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME).

Jean-Paul Rodrigue is Professor of Geography in the Department of Global Studies and Geography, Hofstra University, New York.