Preface to the Third Edition |
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xv | |
Prelude: Setting the Scene |
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xvii | |
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Chapter 1 The Standard Model |
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1 | (14) |
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1.1 The Fundamental Particles of Matter |
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1 | (3) |
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1.2 The Four Fundamental Forces |
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4 | (5) |
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6 | (1) |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (2) |
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12 | (3) |
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13 | (2) |
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Chapter 2 Relativity for Particle Physics |
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15 | (20) |
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15 | (6) |
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21 | (2) |
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23 | (7) |
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24 | (2) |
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2.3.2 The Higgs Mechanism |
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26 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (3) |
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31 | (1) |
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32 | (1) |
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33 | (2) |
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34 | (1) |
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35 | (40) |
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3.1 The Double-Slit Experiment For Electrons |
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36 | (6) |
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40 | (2) |
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3.2 What Does It All Mean? |
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42 | (1) |
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43 | (2) |
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3.4 Distinguishing Particles |
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45 | (4) |
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3.4.1 Summarizing the Rules for Combining Amplitudes |
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49 | (1) |
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3.5 How To Combine Amplitudes |
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49 | (3) |
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3.5.1 Summary of the Rules for Combining Amplitudes |
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52 | (1) |
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3.6 Following Amplitudes Along Paths |
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52 | (11) |
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3.6.1 Building a Path Amplitude |
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53 | (1) |
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3.6.2 The Lagrangian in Quantum Mechanics |
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54 | (1) |
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3.6.3 The Lagrangian in Classical Physics |
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55 | (1) |
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3.6.4 Relating Classical to Quantum |
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56 | (2) |
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58 | (1) |
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3.6.6 Amplitudes, Energy and Momentum |
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58 | (4) |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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3.7 Amplitudes, States and Uncertainties |
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63 | (5) |
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63 | (2) |
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3.7.2 The Collapse of State |
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65 | (1) |
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3.7.3 The Uncertainty Principle |
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66 | (2) |
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68 | (3) |
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70 | (1) |
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71 | (1) |
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71 | (4) |
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72 | (3) |
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75 | (14) |
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4.1 A Spotter's Guide To The Leptons |
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75 | (1) |
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4.2 The Physical Properties of The Leptons |
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76 | (1) |
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4.3 Neutrino Reactions With Matter |
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77 | (3) |
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4.3.1 Aspects of the Neutrino-Neutron Reaction |
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79 | (1) |
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4.4 Some More Reactions Involving Neutrinos |
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80 | (1) |
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4.5 Weak Exchange Particles |
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81 | (6) |
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4.5.1 And It Was Going So Well ... |
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84 | (1) |
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85 | (2) |
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87 | (2) |
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87 | (2) |
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89 | (24) |
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89 | (4) |
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5.1.1 Lepton Number Conservation |
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90 | (1) |
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91 | (2) |
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93 | (1) |
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5.3 Solar Neutrinos Again |
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94 | (11) |
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5.3.1 Neutrino Oscillations |
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96 | (2) |
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5.3.2 Neutrino Mass States |
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98 | (5) |
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5.3.3 States, Flavours and Generations |
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103 | (2) |
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105 | (2) |
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5.5 The General Nature of Antimatter |
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107 | (1) |
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5.6 Annihilation Reactions |
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108 | (1) |
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109 | (4) |
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110 | (3) |
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113 | (12) |
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6.1 The Properties of The Quarks |
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113 | (2) |
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6.1.1 Quantum Numbers of Quarks |
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114 | (1) |
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115 | (1) |
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116 | (3) |
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6.3.1 Higher Mass Baryons |
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119 | (1) |
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119 | (2) |
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6.5 Quantum Numbers Applied To Hadrons |
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121 | (1) |
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122 | (3) |
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123 | (2) |
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Chapter 7 Hadron Reactions |
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125 | (12) |
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125 | (1) |
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126 | (5) |
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7.2.1 Conservation of Energy and Momentum |
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127 | (1) |
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7.2.2 Conservation of Charge |
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127 | (2) |
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7.2.3 Conservation of Baryon Number |
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129 | (1) |
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7.2.4 Conservation of Flavour |
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130 | (1) |
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7.3 Using Conservation Laws |
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131 | (1) |
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7.4 The Physics of Hadron Reactions |
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132 | (3) |
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7.4.1 The Field of the Strong Force |
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132 | (3) |
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135 | (2) |
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136 | (1) |
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Chapter 8 Particle Decays |
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137 | (14) |
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8.1 The Emission of Light By Atoms |
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137 | (1) |
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137 | (9) |
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8.2.1 Electromagnetic Decays |
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137 | (2) |
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139 | (4) |
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143 | (1) |
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144 | (2) |
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146 | (2) |
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148 | (1) |
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148 | (1) |
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149 | (2) |
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149 | (2) |
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Chapter 9 The Evidence for Quarks |
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151 | (16) |
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151 | (1) |
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151 | (4) |
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9.2.1 Rutherford Scattering |
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151 | (2) |
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9.2.2 The SLAC Experiment |
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153 | (1) |
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9.2.3 Deep Inelastic Scattering |
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153 | (2) |
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155 | (7) |
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158 | (1) |
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159 | (2) |
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161 | (1) |
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9.4 Historical Developments |
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162 | (3) |
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9.4.1 Decays GIM, But Not as We Know Them |
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162 | (1) |
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9.4.2 The November Revolution |
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163 | (1) |
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164 | (1) |
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165 | (2) |
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166 | (1) |
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Chapter 10 Experimental Techniques |
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167 | (20) |
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167 | (1) |
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168 | (6) |
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10.2.1 Lawrence's Cyclotron |
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168 | (2) |
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10.2.2 A Modern Synchrotron |
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170 | (2) |
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172 | (1) |
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10.2.4 Linear Accelerators |
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172 | (1) |
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10.2.5 A List of Significant Accelerators |
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173 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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175 | (6) |
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176 | (1) |
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10.4.2 Scintillation Counters |
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177 | (1) |
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10.4.3 Cerenkov Detectors |
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177 | (1) |
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10.4.4 Multiwire Proportional Chambers |
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178 | (1) |
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179 | (1) |
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180 | (1) |
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180 | (1) |
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181 | (1) |
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10.5 A Case Study: Delphi |
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181 | (3) |
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184 | (3) |
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185 | (2) |
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Chapter 11 Exchange Forces |
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187 | (36) |
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11.1 Quantum Field Theories |
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187 | (12) |
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11.1.1 Amplitudes for Quantum Fields |
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189 | (2) |
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11.1.2 Field Theory and Lagrangians |
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191 | (2) |
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193 | (1) |
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194 | (2) |
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11.1.5 Approximation Series |
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196 | (2) |
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11.1.6 The Problem of Attraction |
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198 | (1) |
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199 | (3) |
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11.2.1 Quantum Chromodynamics |
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199 | (2) |
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201 | (1) |
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202 | (4) |
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205 | (1) |
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11.3.2 Last Point on Electroweak Symmetry Breaking |
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206 | (1) |
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11.4 Mass Shell and Exchange Particles |
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206 | (2) |
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208 | (7) |
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212 | (1) |
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11.5.2 Running Coupling Constants |
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212 | (2) |
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214 | (1) |
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11.5.4 Hadronic Mass Again |
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214 | (1) |
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215 | (1) |
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216 | (2) |
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217 | (1) |
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218 | (1) |
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218 | (5) |
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219 | (4) |
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223 | (26) |
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12.1 The Standard Model of Cosmology |
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223 | (1) |
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12.2 The Evolution of The Universe |
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224 | (1) |
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12.3 Observational Evidence For The Big Bang |
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225 | (8) |
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226 | (2) |
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228 | (1) |
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12.3.3 The Cosmic Background Radiation |
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229 | (2) |
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12.3.4 Filaments and Voids |
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231 | (2) |
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12.4 Explaining The Evidence |
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233 | (12) |
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12.4.1 RedShift and the Expansion of the Universe |
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234 | (5) |
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12.4.2 The Temperature of the Universe |
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239 | (2) |
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12.4.3 The Early History of the Universe |
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241 | (4) |
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245 | (4) |
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246 | (3) |
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Chapter 13 The Geometry of Space |
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249 | (24) |
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13.1 General Relativity and Gravity |
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249 | (1) |
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13.1.1 When Is a Force Not a Force? |
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249 | (1) |
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250 | (3) |
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13.2.1 Breaking the Rules |
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251 | (2) |
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13.3 The Geometry of The Universe |
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253 | (9) |
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255 | (2) |
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13.3.2 The Overall Shape of the Universe |
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257 | (3) |
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13.3.3 The Energy Density of the Universe |
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260 | (2) |
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13.4 The Nature of Gravity |
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262 | (2) |
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264 | (5) |
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13.5.1 The Next Steps in Gravitational Wave Research |
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267 | (2) |
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269 | (1) |
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270 | (3) |
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271 | (2) |
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Chapter 14 Contributions to Ω |
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273 | (30) |
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14.1 The Recipe For A Universe |
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273 | (1) |
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273 | (3) |
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274 | (1) |
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274 | (1) |
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274 | (2) |
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276 | (8) |
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14.3.1 The Motion of Stars in Galaxies |
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276 | (3) |
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14.3.2 The Motion of Galaxies in Clusters |
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279 | (1) |
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14.3.3 Gravitational Lensing |
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280 | (2) |
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14.3.4 The Bullet Cluster |
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282 | (1) |
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14.3.5 The Large-Scale Structure of the Universe |
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282 | (2) |
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14.3.6 Conclusions Regarding Dark Matter |
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284 | (1) |
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14.4 Candidates For Dark Matter |
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284 | (8) |
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14.4.1 Baryonic Dark Matter |
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284 | (2) |
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14.4.2 Exotic Forms of Dark Matter |
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286 | (4) |
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14.4.3 Cold Dark Matter Candidates |
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290 | (1) |
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14.4.4 The Experimental Search for WIMPs |
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291 | (1) |
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292 | (7) |
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14.5.1 Supernova Observations |
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292 | (1) |
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14.5.2 Scale and Hubble's Law |
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293 | (6) |
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299 | (4) |
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300 | (3) |
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Chapter 15 Inflation: A Cure for All Ills |
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303 | (16) |
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15.1 Problems With The Big Bang Theory |
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303 | (6) |
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15.1.1 The Flatness Problem |
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304 | (1) |
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15.1.2 The Horizon Problem |
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305 | (4) |
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309 | (8) |
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15.2.1 When Is a Vacuum Not a Vacuum? |
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311 | (4) |
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315 | (2) |
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317 | (1) |
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317 | (2) |
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318 | (1) |
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Chapter 16 Precision Cosmology |
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319 | (24) |
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16.1 Ripples In A Smooth Background |
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319 | (3) |
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16.2 Probing The Cosmic Background |
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322 | (8) |
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16.2.1 Superhorizon Fluctuations |
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322 | (2) |
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16.2.2 Subhorizon Fluctuations |
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324 | (1) |
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16.2.3 Baryon Acoustic Oscillations |
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325 | (3) |
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16.2.4 Galaxy Distributions |
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328 | (1) |
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16.2.5 Higher Order Peaks in the Power Spectrum |
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329 | (1) |
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16.3 The Era of Precision Cosmology |
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330 | (1) |
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331 | (8) |
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16.4.1 Dark Matter to the Rescue |
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333 | (1) |
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334 | (3) |
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16.4.3 Simulated Universes |
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337 | (2) |
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339 | (1) |
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340 | (3) |
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340 | (3) |
Conclusion |
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343 | (4) |
Appendix A |
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347 | (6) |
Appendix B |
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353 | (6) |
Appendix C |
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359 | (6) |
Appendix D |
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365 | (2) |
Index |
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367 | |