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E-raamat: Recognizing and Responding to Normalization of Deviance

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  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 31-Aug-2018
  • Kirjastus: Wiley-AIChE
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781119506706
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Recognizing and Responding to Normalization of DevianceSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 31-Aug-2018
  • Kirjastus: Wiley-AIChE
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781119506706
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An essential guide for recognizing and responding to normalization of deviance to help organizations improve their process safety performance 

This book provides an introduction and offers approaches for finding and addressing normalization of deviation both in operational and organizational activities. It addresses the initial and long-term effects of normalization of deviations as seen in reduced efficiencies, reduced product quality, extended batch run time, and near miss process safety incidents which can lead to loss of containment of hazardous materials and energies.

Recognizing and Responding to Normalization of Deviance addresses how to recognize and respond to the normalization of deviation that can, and almost certainly will, occur in any ongoing operations that involves humans. The book’s primary focus is on reducing the incidence of normalization of deviation and the associated increased risk exposure due to its effects when operating chemical or petrochemical manufacturing facilities. It contains an introduction to the concept and offers approaches for finding and addressing normalization of deviation when it presents itself in both operational and organizational activities.

  • Contains guidance to assist facilities in recognizing and addressing the phenomenon of normalization of deviation
  • Provides techniques for addressing normalized deviations and techniques to eliminate waste in all manufacturing processes
  • Describes methods for identifying normalized deviation as well as where to find deviations
  • Includes techniques to reduce operational normalization of deviance and to reduce organizational normalization of deviance

Aimed at process safety professionals and consultants applying process safety risk reduction efforts in manufacturing areas, Recognizing and Responding to Normalization of Deviance is an important book for any organization that has seen its process safety performance deteriorate over time.

List of Tables
xi
List of Figures
xiii
Glossary xv
Acronyms and Abbreviations xxi
Files on the Web xxiii
Acknowledgements xxv
Preface xxvii
Executive Summary xxix
1 Introduction
1(24)
1.1 The Definition of Normalization of Deviance
5(2)
1.2 The Motivation for Writing This Book
7(1)
1.3 Our Audience and How to Use This Book
8(1)
1.4 How Our Worldview Affects Us When Recognizing Normalized Deviance
8(3)
1.5 Work Process Knowledge is Essential in Determining the Existence of Deviation
11(1)
1.6 Normalized Deviation and Traditional Process Safety Concepts
12(13)
2 Why Examine the Phenomenon of Normalization of Deviation?
25(18)
2.1 Introduction
25(2)
2.2 Past Incidents Related to Normalized Deviance
27(8)
2.3 How The Concept Of Normalization of Deviance Affects Overall Process Safety Performance
35(3)
2.5 Can Normalized Deviation in Your Business Work Processes Affect Risk?
38(1)
2.6 Normalization of Deviation and Management of Change
39(4)
3 The Roots of Deviation
43(30)
3.1 Lack of Operational Discipline
43(7)
3.2 Insufficient Knowledge, Procedures, Training and Resources
50(8)
3.3 Risk Versus Reward Perception
58(6)
3.4 Overconfidence
64(5)
3.5 Human Nature
69(4)
4 Identifying Normalized Deviation
73(18)
4.1 Find Trigger Words and Phrases
73(1)
4.2 Use Your HIRA Process
74(1)
4.3 Determine Which Engineering Activities Reveal Deviation
75(1)
4.4 Use Behavioral Safety Techniques
76(1)
4.5 Review Your Work Processes
77(7)
4.6 Use Walkthroughs and Routine Inspections
84(1)
4.7 Use Your Process Risk Audits
84(2)
4.8 Pay Attention to Near Misses
86(1)
4.9 Use Your Incident Investigation System
87(1)
4.10 Evaluate Management of Temporary Changes
88(3)
5 Techniques to Reduce Operational Normalization of Deviance
91(13)
5.1 Reward Rigor in Your Management of Change Process
91(1)
5.2 Leverage Your Near Miss Reports
92(1)
5.3 Use Behavioral Safety Observation Data
93(1)
5.4 Use Crew Discussion Sessions and Training
94(1)
5.5 Emphasize Employee Participation
94(4)
5.6 Encourage Open Dialogue Supporting All Workers Who Raise Normalization of Deviation Issues
98(1)
5.7 Leverage Learning from Your PHA Process
98(1)
5.8 Perform a Job Task Analysis for Every Job Position
99(2)
5.9 Recognize All Who Combat Normalization of Deviation
101(3)
6 Techniques to Reduce Organizational Normalization of Deviance
104(13)
6.1 Troubleshooting
105(1)
6.2 Consistently Anticipate the Human Tendency Toward Normalization of Deviation
106(1)
6.3 Address the Systemic Issues Within the Organization
107(3)
6.4 When to Stand Down - Halting Operations to Fight Deviation
110(2)
6.5 Promote Transparency and Accountability
112(1)
6.6 Adhere to Good Engineering Practices
112(1)
6.7 Encourage Management To Use Technical Expertise
113(1)
6.8 Executives Set the Tone
114(1)
6.9 Summary
114(3)
Appendix A A Survey to Help Identify Warning Signs of Deviations
117(6)
A.1 Leadership and Culture
117(1)
A.2 Training and Competency
118(1)
A.3 Process Safety Information
119(1)
A.4 Procedures
119(1)
A.5 Asset Integrity
119(1)
A.6 Analyzing Risk and Managing Change
120(1)
A.7 Audits
121(1)
A.8 Learning From Experience
121(1)
A.9 Physical Warning Signs
121(2)
Appendix B Job and Task Analysis
123(4)
B.1 Job and Task Analysis and the Instructional Systems Design Model
123(1)
B.2 Basic Steps for a Job and Task Analysis
123(4)
References 127(8)
Index 135
The Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) was founded in 1985 to develop technology and management practices that mitigate or eliminate chemical and petrochemical industry process safety incidents. Since that time, CCPS has published more than 100 books and held dozens of international conferences, each representing the most advanced thinking in process safety. CCPS is supported by the contributions and voluntary participation of more than 200 companies globally. CCPS is also the world's largest provider of undergraduate engineering curriculum materials through its Safety and Chemical Engineering Education (SAChE) program, with more than 160 universities around the world participating.
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