Introduction |
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xi | |
Overview of the Book |
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xi | |
Preview of All Chapters |
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xii | |
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1 | (18) |
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Symbol: Origin of the Word |
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1 | (1) |
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Symbolism: General Description |
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1 | (3) |
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4 | (2) |
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6 | (2) |
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8 | (1) |
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Three Categories of Symbols |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (1) |
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11 | (3) |
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14 | (1) |
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14 | (5) |
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2 Interpreting Symbolism in Terrorism: A First Step |
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19 | (26) |
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19 | (2) |
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Box 2.1: Content Analysis of Definitions of Terrorism |
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21 | (1) |
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Defining Terrorism with Symbolic Elements |
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22 | (1) |
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Terrorism as Performative Violence |
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23 | (2) |
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Terrorism as a Transnational Injustice Symbol |
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25 | (3) |
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Linguistic Symbolism in Terrorism: Irish and Arabic |
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28 | (1) |
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Linguistic Symbolism in Terrorism: Name-Giving Codes |
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29 | (3) |
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Terror Glorification: Symbolic Palestinian Terrorists |
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32 | (1) |
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Terror Glorification: Symbolic Timing |
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33 | (3) |
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September 11, 1565, September 11, 1683, and September 11, 1697 |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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38 | (7) |
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45 | (22) |
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45 | (2) |
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47 | (1) |
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Attacking Sacred Symbols: Iconoclasm |
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48 | (3) |
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51 | (1) |
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The World Trade Center as a Symbolic Target |
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52 | (2) |
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54 | (1) |
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55 | (2) |
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57 | (2) |
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Box 3.1: The RAND Corporation |
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59 | (1) |
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59 | (2) |
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61 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (5) |
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4 The Symbolic Culture of Terrorism |
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67 | (24) |
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67 | (1) |
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68 | (4) |
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72 | (2) |
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Positive Cult versus Negative Cult |
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74 | (4) |
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78 | (2) |
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80 | (2) |
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82 | (3) |
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85 | (1) |
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86 | (5) |
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5 Myth in Symbolic Terrorism |
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91 | (22) |
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91 | (2) |
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Symbolic DNA of Terrorism |
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93 | (1) |
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Symbolic Convergence Theory |
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93 | (1) |
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Symbolic Cue, Fantasy Type, and Saga |
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94 | (1) |
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Case Study of SCT: Earth Liberation Front (ELF) |
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95 | (3) |
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Case Study of SCT: Hezbollah |
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98 | (3) |
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101 | (1) |
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Case Study of the Symbolic Trinity: Nazism |
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102 | (2) |
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Case Study of the Symbolic Trinity: Maharashtrian Terrorism |
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104 | (2) |
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106 | (1) |
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107 | (6) |
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6 Symbolic Place and Territory in Terrorism |
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113 | (20) |
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Place and Territory as Symbolism |
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113 | (1) |
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114 | (2) |
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116 | (2) |
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118 | (2) |
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120 | (2) |
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Case Study I: Murals in Northern Ireland |
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122 | (3) |
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Case Study II: Murals in the Palestinian Territories |
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125 | (3) |
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128 | (1) |
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128 | (5) |
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7 Symbolism in Religious Terrorism: General Perspectives |
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133 | (16) |
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133 | (1) |
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Five Principles of Religion |
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134 | (3) |
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137 | (1) |
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138 | (1) |
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Dar al-Islam versus Dar al-Harb |
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139 | (1) |
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Dehumanization of Enemies |
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140 | (1) |
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Contrast Symbols and Totalism |
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140 | (1) |
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Violent New Religious Movements |
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141 | (1) |
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Case Study of a VNRM: Aum Shinrikyo |
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142 | (2) |
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Supernatural Forces in Warfare |
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144 | (1) |
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145 | (1) |
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146 | (3) |
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8 Hindu, Sikh, Christian, and Jewish Terrorism |
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149 | (16) |
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149 | (2) |
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151 | (2) |
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153 | (2) |
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155 | (4) |
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159 | (2) |
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161 | (1) |
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162 | (3) |
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165 | (20) |
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Global Support for Islamist Terrorism |
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165 | (1) |
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Violence against Unbelievers in the Qur'an |
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166 | (1) |
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167 | (2) |
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Symbolic Meanings of Jihad |
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169 | (3) |
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172 | (1) |
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The Caliphate: Symbol of Global Domination |
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173 | (2) |
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175 | (1) |
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176 | (3) |
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179 | (1) |
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180 | (1) |
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181 | (1) |
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181 | (4) |
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10 Symbolism in Suicide Terrorism |
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185 | (22) |
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Suicide Terrorism: Description |
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185 | (2) |
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Case Study: Kurdistan Workers' Party |
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187 | (1) |
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Weapon of Mass Persuasion |
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188 | (1) |
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Categories of Suicide Terrorism |
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189 | (1) |
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190 | (3) |
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193 | (3) |
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196 | (2) |
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198 | (1) |
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199 | (1) |
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Hunger Strike as Martyrdom |
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200 | (1) |
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201 | (1) |
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202 | (5) |
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11 Symbolism of Terrorist Weapons |
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207 | (18) |
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Terrorist Weapons: General Perspectives |
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207 | (1) |
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Examples of Symbolic Terrorist Weapons |
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208 | (2) |
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Improvised Explosive Devices |
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210 | (1) |
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Weapons of Mass Destruction |
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211 | (2) |
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The Sword in Islamist Culture |
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213 | (1) |
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214 | (2) |
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Four Categories of Beheading |
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216 | (1) |
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Gender Communal Terrorism |
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216 | (2) |
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Twelve Symbolic Reasons for War Rape |
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218 | (2) |
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220 | (1) |
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221 | (4) |
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12 Symbolism in Female Terrorism |
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225 | (14) |
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Facts on Female Terrorism |
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225 | (1) |
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226 | (3) |
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Female Terrorism as Continuity of the Fight |
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229 | (1) |
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Female Terrorism as Strategic Desirability |
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229 | (1) |
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Female Terrorism as Revenge |
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230 | (2) |
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Female Terrorism as Restoration of Honor |
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232 | (1) |
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Female Terrorism as Change |
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233 | (1) |
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Beautiful Female Terrorists |
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234 | (2) |
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236 | (1) |
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236 | (3) |
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13 Brand Management in Terrorism |
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239 | (18) |
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239 | (1) |
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240 | (1) |
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Case Study: The Brand of Hezbollah |
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241 | (3) |
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244 | (1) |
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Case Study I: Islamist Terrorism |
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245 | (1) |
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Case Study II: Shining Path |
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246 | (1) |
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Terrorists' Dress Code as Brand Management |
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247 | (3) |
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250 | (1) |
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251 | (1) |
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252 | (5) |
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14 Visual Motifs in Islamist Terrorism |
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257 | (20) |
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257 | (1) |
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Conceptual Metaphor Theory |
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258 | (3) |
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261 | (2) |
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263 | (1) |
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Case Study III: The Color Black |
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264 | (3) |
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Low Context versus High Context |
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267 | (1) |
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268 | (2) |
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270 | (2) |
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272 | (1) |
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273 | (4) |
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15 Semiotic Analysis of Terrorism |
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277 | (16) |
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277 | (1) |
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278 | (2) |
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280 | (2) |
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Case Study of Peircean Semiotics: 9/11 |
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282 | (2) |
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The Icon-Index-Symbol Triad |
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284 | (2) |
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Case Study of Icon-Index-Symbol: Munich Massacre |
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286 | (2) |
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288 | (1) |
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288 | (5) |
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16 Symbolic Terrorism in the Global Village |
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293 | (16) |
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293 | (1) |
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New Media--Oriented Terrorism |
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294 | (2) |
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296 | (2) |
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Three Stages of E-Jihad Indoctrination |
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298 | (1) |
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299 | (1) |
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300 | (2) |
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Sikh Separatists' Websites |
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302 | (1) |
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Extreme-Right Groups in Cyberspace |
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303 | (1) |
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303 | (1) |
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304 | (1) |
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305 | (4) |
Index |
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309 | (12) |
Glossary |
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321 | |