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E-raamat: Lifestyle in Heart Health and Disease

Edited by (Postdoctoral Research Associate of Public Health, Department of Pathology, Uni), Edited by (Professor, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health and School of Medicine, Arizona Health Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA)
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  • Ilmumisaeg: 18-Jan-2018
  • Kirjastus: Academic Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780128112809
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  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 18-Jan-2018
  • Kirjastus: Academic Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780128112809

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Lifestyle and Heart Health and Disease provides a comprehensive evaluation of lifestyle factors that modify heart function and structure. It includes coverage of a wide range of lifestyle factors, including physical activity, alcohol, tobacco, drugs of abuse, nutrition and psychosocial factors. The book clearly presents the scientific evaluation of published research relating to general responses by scientists, physicians and patients, along with new research on the role of lifestyle in the prevention, amelioration and causation of cardiac remodeling and disease.

  • Explains the pathogenic mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases and the targets of therapy
  • Presents methods contained within the book that can be applied to the diagnosis of heart disease
  • Contains a concise summary with recommendations for actions and conclusions
  • Provides a one-stop-shopping synopsis of key ideas associated with many aspects of lifestyle
Contributors xiii
Acknowledgments xvii
Part I: Overview and Mechanisms
1 Cardiovascular Diseases, Obesity, and lifestyle Changes
John Kwagyan
Otelio S. Randall
Obesity and Cardiovascular Diseases
3(1)
Coronary Heart Disease
4(1)
Biophysical Properties of the Arterial System
5(1)
Distribution and Correlates of Major CVD Risk Factors in Obese African Americans
5(1)
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring
6(1)
Diet and Physical Activity Intervention
7(1)
Conclusion
8(1)
References
8(2)
Further Reading
10(1)
2 Public Knowledge of Cardiovascular Risk Numbers: Contextual Factors Affecting Knowledge and Health Behavior, and the Impact of Public Health Campaigns
Jeffrey L. Kibler
Mindy Ma
Jacquelyn Hrzich
Roberta A. Roas
Introduction
11(1)
Conceptual Significance of the Health Belief Model
11(1)
Purpose of the Present
Chapter
12(1)
Knowledge of Target Numbers and Personal Levels for CVD Risk Indicators
12(3)
Blood Pressure
12(1)
Lipids
13(1)
Body Mass/Obesity
14(1)
Blood Glucose
14(1)
Interventions Targeting Awareness of CVD Risk Factors
15(2)
Effectiveness of Interventions
15(1)
Other Potential Strategies and Venues for Addressing Awareness of Risk Numbers
16(1)
Recommendations
17(1)
Conclusions
17(1)
References
18(4)
3 Extension of Peer Support from Diabetes Management to Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Management in Primary Care and Community Settings in Anhui Province, China
Xuefeng Zhong
Bert Potemans
Chanuantong Tanasugarn
Edwin B. Fisher
Background on Peer Support
22(1)
Formative Evaluation and Lessons for Implementation
23(1)
Recruitment
23(1)
Peer Leader Selection and Training
23(1)
PLSP Meetings and Activities
23(2)
Peers Link the Residential and Clinical and Promote Informal Mutual Support
25(1)
Variable Implementation Across CHSCs
25(1)
Evaluation of Effectiveness
26(1)
Qualitative Evaluation: Advantages, Disadvantages, and Barriers to Implementation
27(1)
Cultural Influences on Support Within the PLSP
28(1)
Emotional Support
28(1)
Peer Leader Roles
28(1)
Importance of Organizational Support
29(1)
Sustainability, Adoption, and Extension to Cardiovascular Disease
29(1)
Adaptation of CVD Prevention Program
29(1)
Lifestyle Intervention and Peer-Led Group Activities
30(1)
Roles and Contributions of Peer Group Leader
30(1)
Evaluation lifestyle Education and Intervention Sessions
30(1)
Program Acceptability by Health Professionals and Program Participants
31(1)
Reflections, Conclusions, and Future Directions
31(1)
Standardization and Adaptability
32(1)
References
32(3)
4 Heart Health and Children
Sandra Gilbertson
Barbara A. Graves
Introduction
35(4)
Tobacco Smoke Exposure
36(1)
Diet
36(1)
Physical Activity
37(1)
Body Weight
37(1)
Cholesterol
38(1)
Blood Pressure
38(1)
Blood Sugar
39(1)
Prevention, Screening, and Treatment of CVD in Children and Adolescents
39(2)
Prevention: Smoke Exposure
39(1)
Prevention: Nutrition
39(1)
Prevention: Physical Activity and Inactivity
40(1)
Screening and Treatment in Primary Care
40(1)
The Role of Caregivers and Families
41(1)
Conclusion
42(1)
References
42(4)
Further Reading
46(1)
5 Lifestyle Factors and the Impact on Lifetime Incidence and Mortality of Coronary Heart Disease
P.E. Puddu
A. Menotti
Historical Introduction
47(1)
Short-Term Follow-Up Studies
48(7)
Lifetime Effects of Lifestyle and Effects in Very Elderly People
55(3)
Conclusions
58(1)
References
59(6)
Part II: Exercise and Physical Activity
6 Expanding the Clinical Classification of Heart Failure: Inclusion of Cardiac Function During Exercise
Erik H. Van Iterson
Thomas P. Olson
Introduction
65(2)
Moving Beyond the Clinical Classification of Heart Failure at Rest: Does Heart Failure With Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction Matter?
67(1)
Traditional Classifying Models
67(1)
Measurement Techniques for Cardiac Pumping Capability During Exercise in Heart Failure
68(3)
Invasive Approaches
68(1)
Noninvasive Approaches
69(2)
Heart Failure Classification: Basic and Advanced Measures of Cardiac Pumping Capability During Exercise
71(6)
The Traditional Cardiac Pumping Capability Model in Heart Failure
71(3)
The Advanced Cardiac Pumping Capability Model in Heart Failure
74(3)
Impaired Cardiac Pumping Capability is Exacerbated by Interactions With Non Cardiac-Centric Factors in Heart Failure
77(1)
Summary
77(1)
Acknowledgments
78(1)
References
78(9)
7 Exercise-Based Cardiovascular Therapeutics: From Cellular to Molecular Mechanisms
Siyi Fu
Qiying Dai
Yihua Bei
Yongqin Li
Junjie Xiao
Cardiovascular Disease
87(1)
Exercise Treatment
87(1)
Cardiovascular Adaptions to Exercise
87(1)
Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy and Renewal
87(1)
Protection of Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis and Necrosis
88(1)
Angiogenesis
88(1)
The Underlying Mechanism of Exercise-Induced Cardiac Growth
88(2)
The IGF-1-PI3K(p110alpha)-AKT Pathway
88(1)
Gp130/JAK/STAT Pathway
89(1)
NRG1-ErbB4-C/EBPbeta Pathway
89(1)
Nitric Oxide (NO) Signaling
89(1)
MicroRNAs
90(1)
Exercise-Based Protection for Cardiovascular Disease
90(2)
Myocardial Infarction
90(1)
Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (I/R)
91(1)
Atherosclerosis
91(1)
Cardiomyopathy (Diabetic Cardiomyopathy, Dilated Cardiomyopathy, Cardiac Fibrosis)
92(1)
Summary
92(1)
Acknowledgments
93(1)
References
93(6)
8 Exercise, Fitness, and Cancer Outcomes
Tolulope A. Adesiyun
Stuart D. Russell
Introduction
99(1)
Exercise and Future Cancer Risk
99(3)
Hypothesized Mechanisms of Preventive Effect of Exercise on Cancer
102(1)
Steroid Hormones-Women
102(1)
Immune System
102(1)
Inflammation
103(1)
Metabolic
103(1)
Obesity and the Risk of Developing Cancer
103(1)
Exercise and Mortality
103(1)
Weight Gain During or After Chemotherapy and Its Effects
104(2)
Exercise During Chemotherapy
106(2)
Safety
106(1)
Exercise and Quality of life
106(1)
Impact on Aerobic Capacity
107(1)
Exercise and Fatigue
107(1)
Exercise, Prognosis, Recurrence and Mortality
108(1)
Ongoing Trials
108(1)
Suggested Areas for Future Research
109(1)
References
109(6)
9 Exercise Prescription for Hypertension: New Advances for Optimizing Blood Pressure Benefits
Hayley V. MacDonald
Linda S. Pescatello
Introduction
115(1)
Hypertension is a Major Public Health Problem
115(1)
Antihypertensive Effects of Exercise
115(1)
Key Terminology and Basic Concepts
116(3)
Hypertension
116(1)
Prehypertension
116(1)
Law of Initial Values
116(1)
The Blood Pressure Response to Acute and Chronic Exercise
116(2)
Exercise Prescription (Ex Rx)
118(1)
Purposes of this
Chapter
119(1)
Systematic Review Methods
119(1)
Aerobic Exercise and Blood Pressure Effects
119(3)
Acute, Immediate, or Short-Term Effects or Postexercise Hypotension
119(2)
Chronic, Training, or Long-Term Effects
121(1)
Dynamic Resistance Exercise and Blood Pressure Effects
122(2)
Acute, Immediate, or Short-Term Effects or Postexercise Hypotension
122(1)
Chronic, Training, or Long-Term Effects
123(1)
Concurrent Exercise and Blood Pressure Effects
124(2)
Acute, Immediate, or Short-Term Effects or Postexercise Hypotension
124(1)
Chronic, Training, or Long-Term Effects
125(1)
The Interactive Effects of Exercise and Antihypertensive Medications on Resting Blood Pressure
126(1)
Clinical Implications and New Advances in Exercise Prescription for Optimizing Blood Pressure Benefits
127(2)
Gaps in the Literature and Future Research Needs in the Exercise Prescription for Hypertension
129(1)
Conclusion
130(1)
Key Points
130(1)
References
131(6)
10 Exercise and Cardiovascular Disease: Emphasis on Efficacy, Dosing, and Adverse Effects and Toxicity
Michael D. Morledge
Sergey Kachur
Carl J. Lavie
Parham Parto
James H. O'Keefe
Richard V. Milani
Introduction
137(1)
Efficacy
137(1)
Dosing
138(5)
Adverse Effects/Toxicity
143(5)
Effects on CV Structure and Function
143(1)
Impact of EEE on CHD
143(2)
Impact of EEE on Risk of AF
145(1)
Risk of SCD with EEE
146(1)
EEE Recommendations
147(1)
Conclusions
148(1)
References
148(5)
11 The Effect of Exercise Training in Systolic and Diastolic Function
Ricardo Fontes-Carvalho
Eduardo M. Vilela
Pedro Goncalves-Teixeira
Introduction
153(1)
Cardiovascular Response to Exercise Training in Healthy Individuals
153(3)
Brief Exercise Physiology
153(1)
Cardiovascular Effects of Different Types and Intensity of Exercise
154(1)
Chronic Effects of Exercise Training in the Cardiovascular System: From Molecular Mechanisms to "Whole-Pump" Effects
155(1)
Deleterious Effects of Exercise Training on the Cardiovascular System
155(1)
Exercise Training After Acute Myocardial Infarction
156(2)
The Effect of Exercise Training on Systolic Function
156(1)
The Effect of Exercise Training on Diastolic Function
157(1)
The Effect of Exercise Training on Functional Capacity
157(1)
Exercise Training as Part of an Integrated Cardiac Rehabilitation Program
157(1)
Exercise Training in Patients With Heart Failure
158(1)
Effects of Exercise Training in Patients With HFrEF
158(1)
Effects of Exercise Training in Patients With HFpEF
159(1)
The Effects of Cardiac Rehabilitation in Heart Failure
159(1)
Conclusion
159(1)
References
159(4)
12 Lifestyle and Heart Diseases in Choice Experiments
Jose M. Grisolia
Introduction
163(1)
Methodology
163(1)
Willingness to Pay
164(1)
Choice Experiments on lifestyle Interventions
164(7)
Diet
164(3)
Physical Activity
167(1)
Lifestyle in General
168(3)
Conclusions
171(1)
References
171(2)
Further Reading
173(2)
13 Lost in Translation: What Does the Physical Activity and Health Evidence Actually Tell Us?
Darren E.R. Warburton
Shannon S.D. Bredin
Introduction
175(1)
Shape of the Dose Response Curve: Does it Matter?
175(3)
Health-Related Physical Fitness vs. Physical Activity
178(2)
International Messaging and Knowledge Translation
180(2)
Why Does This Knowledge Translation Error Exist and What are the Effects?
182(1)
Conclusions
183(1)
Acknowledgments
183(1)
Disclosures
183(1)
References
183(4)
14 Community-Based Maintenance Cardiac Rehabilitation
Sandra Mandic
Anna Rolleston
Garrick Hately
Stacey Reading
Cardiac Rehabilitation Overview
187(1)
Core Components
187(1)
Phases
187(1)
Benefits
187(1)
Challenges
188(1)
The Need for Community-Based Maintenance Programs
188(1)
Community-Based Maintenance Cardiac Rehabilitation
188(1)
Participants
188(1)
Outcomes
188(1)
Adherence
189(1)
Social Support
190(1)
Special Considerations
190(1)
Cultural Aspects
190(1)
Cultural Aspects of CR: Insights From New Zealand
190(1)
CR in Rural Communities
191(1)
Examples of Community-Based Maintenance CR Programs
192(3)
Community-Led Cardiac Rehabilitation "Clubs"
192(1)
Take H.E.A.R.T. Program New Brunswick, Canada
192(2)
Heart Guide Aotearoa in New Zealand
194(1)
The University of Auckland Health and Performance Clinic, New Zealand
194(1)
Recommendations for Setting up Community-Based CR Programs
195(1)
Challenges
195(1)
Summary
196(1)
References
196(3)
15 Determinants of Exercise Ventilatory Inefficiency in Heart Failure With Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction: Application of Classical and Emerging Integrative Physiology Concepts
Erik H. Van Iterson
Thomas P. Olson
Introduction
199(1)
Fundamentals of Ventilation: Toward an Improved Understanding of Ventilatory (In) Efficiency in Heart Failure
200(1)
Physiologic Dead Space or Arterial Carbon Dioxide? The Ventilatory Equivalent for Carbon Dioxide in Heart Failure
200(1)
(RE)Emerging Concepts and Mechanisms of Ventilatory Inefficiency: Application to Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction Heart Failure
201(6)
On-Transient Kinetics of Ventilation and Gas Exchange: Emerging Concepts in Preserved Ejection Fraction Heart Failure
205(1)
Skeletal Muscle Afferents and Ventilatory Control in Heart Failure
206(1)
Summary and Concluding Remarks
207(1)
Acknowledgments
208(1)
References
208(5)
Part III: Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drugs of Abuse
16 Relationships of Alcohol Consumption With Risks for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease in Men and Women
Ichiro Wakabayashi
Introduction
213(1)
Alcohol and Cerebro-and Cardiovascular Diseases
213(2)
Alcohol and Risk of Diabetes
215(1)
Alcohol and Glucose Metabolism
215(1)
Alcohol and Glycemic Status
216(1)
Alcohol and Obesity
217(1)
Adiposity-Related Indices and Diabetes
218(1)
Modifications by Alcohol of Adiposity-Related Indices and of Their Relations With Diabetes
218(1)
Conclusion
219(1)
References
219(4)
17 Lifestyle Features and Heart Disease
Vijay Singh
Ronald Ross Watson
Introduction
223(1)
Risk Factors
223(1)
Exercise
224(1)
Smoking
224(1)
Body Weight
225(1)
Diet
225(1)
Conclusion
225(1)
References
226(1)
18 Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Among People Living With HIV: A Tailored Smoking Cessation Program Treating Depression
Stephanie Wiebe
Lousie Balfour
Paul A. McPherson
Unique Factors Impacting Smoking Cessation Among PHAs
227(1)
Depression
227(1)
Social Support
227(1)
Smoking Cessation Among PHAs
228(1)
The HIV-Tailored Smoking Cessation Program
228(2)
Theoretical Framework
228(1)
Description of the HIV-Tailored Smoking Cessation Counselling Program
229(1)
Pilot Study Outcome Results
230(1)
Change in Psychological Correlates of Successful Quitting
230(1)
Conclusions
231(1)
References
231(2)
19 Factors Associated With Tobacco Use Among Patients With MCC: Multidisciplinary Visions about the Lifestyle on Health and Cardiovascular Disease
Arise G. de Siqueira GaLIL
Arthur da Silva Gomes
Barbara A.B.B. de Andrade
Mariana M. Gusmao
Tatiane da Silva Campos
Marcela M. de Melo
Eliane E.C. Banhato
Introduction
233(1)
Smoking, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Multiple Chronic Conditions
234(3)
Multidisciplinary Visions About the Lifestyle on Health and Cardiovascular Disease
237(1)
Multidisciplinary Team Versus Clinical Practice
237(2)
Experience of a Multidisciplinary Team in the Management of Smokers With Multiple Chronic Conditions
239(1)
Future Perspectives
240(1)
Final Considerations
240(1)
References
241(3)
Further Reading
244(3)
Part IV: Social, Population, and Family Effects on the Heart and Arteries
20 Lifestyle Interventions in Patients With Serious Mental Illness
Aaron Gluth
DeJuan White
Martha Ward
Background
247(1)
Efficacy of lifestyle Interventions in the SMI Population
247(2)
Other Important Studies
249(1)
Keys to Success
249(1)
Unique Barriers
250(1)
Future Directions
251(1)
References
251(4)
21 Chocolate and Its Component's Effect on Cardiovascular Disease
Katha Patel
Ronald Ross Watson
Introduction
255(1)
Background
255(2)
History of Chocolate in Heart Health
255(1)
Origins
256(1)
Chocolate Production
256(1)
Chocolate and Cardiovascular Disease: An Epidemiological Focus
257(1)
Chocolate Consumption and Blood Pressure
258(1)
Chemical Composition of Chocolate's Cocoa Beans
259(1)
Lipids
259(1)
Minerals
259(1)
Polyphenols
260(1)
Cocoa Polyphenols and Cardiovascular Disease
260(1)
Mechanisms of Flavanols and Cocoa on The Body
260(2)
Endothelial Function and Nitric Oxide
260(1)
Antioxidant Effects
261(1)
Antiplatelet Effects
262(1)
Antihypertensive
262(1)
Summary
263(1)
References
263(3)
Further Reading
266(1)
22 Prediabetes: An Emerging Risk Factor for Coronary Artery Disease
Richard B. Stacey
Veronica D'Ambra
Petro Gjini
Introduction
267(1)
History of Prediabetes
267(1)
The Magnitude of Prediabetes
268(1)
Established Risks of Diabetes Mellitus
268(1)
Emerging Noncardiovascular Risks of Prediabetes
269(1)
Prediabetes and Inflammation
269(1)
Atherosclerosis and Inflammation
269(1)
Prediabetes and Atherosclerosis
269(1)
Prediabetes and Endothelial Dysfunction
269(1)
Prediabetes and Acute Coronary Syndrome
270(1)
Prediabetes and ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
271(1)
Prediabetes and Silent Myocardial Infarctions
271(1)
Prediabetes and Potential Interventions
272(1)
Conclusions
272(1)
References
272(3)
23 Mindfulness-Based Therapy and Heart Health
Kathleen P. Ismond
Cecilia Bukutu
Sunita Vohra
Introduction
275(1)
Tobacco Smoking
276(2)
Diabetes Mellitus (Types 1 and 2)
278(2)
Hypertension
280(1)
Obesity
281(1)
Nutrition
281(1)
Physical Inactivity
282(1)
Summary
282(1)
References
282(3)
24 Lifestyle Impact and Genotype-Phenotype Correlations in Brugada Syndrome
Houria Daimi
Amel Haj Khelil
Khaldoun Ben Hamda
Amelia Aranega
Jemni B.E. Chibani
Diego Franco
Introduction
285(1)
BrS genetics and the Genotype-Phenotype Correlation
285(1)
Factors Precipitating and Modulating the ECG and Arrhythmias in BrS
286(2)
Hyperthermia
286(1)
Diet and Electrolyte Imbalance
286(1)
Leisure Activities and Sports
286(2)
Alcohol and Drugs of Abuse Intoxication
288(1)
Tobacco Smoking and Nicotine Intoxication
288(1)
Medications to be Avoided in BrS
288(1)
Conclusion
288(1)
References
289(2)
25 Social Relationships and
Cardiovascular Health:
Underlying Mechanisms, Life Course Processes, and Future Directions
Courtney Boen
Yang C. Yang
Introduction
291(1)
Social Relationships and Cardiovascular Health
291(3)
Overview
291(1)
Physiological Pathways
292(1)
Behavioral Mechanisms
293(1)
Psychoemotional Processes
293(1)
Life Course Processes
293(1)
Gaps in the Literature and Directions for Future Research
294(1)
Conclusion
295(1)
References
295(2)
26 Trace Elements and Coronary Artery Disease
Aysegul Bayir
Introduction
297(1)
The Impact of Trace Elements on Coronary
Artery Diseases
297(3)
References
300(1)
27 Decompressive Hemicraniectomy for Severe Stroke: An Updated Review of the Literature
Theresa L. Green
Janine Pampellonne
Lee Moylan
Background
301(1)
The Review Process
301(2)
Methods
301(2)
Results
303(2)
Primary Study Characteristics
303(1)
Quality of Life
303(1)
Caregiver Outcomes
304(1)
Discussion
305(1)
Conclusions
305(1)
Appendix Review Matrix for Literature Review
306(5)
References
311(2)
Index 313
Ronald Ross Watson, PhD, is Professor of Health Promotion Sciences at the University of Arizona, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health. Dr. Watson began his research in public health at the Harvard School of Public Health as a Fellow in 1971 doing field work on vaccines in Saudi Arabia. He has done clinical studies in Colombia, Iran, Egypt, Saudi Arabia and the United States which provides a broad international view of public health. He has served in the military reserve hospital for 17 years with extensive training in medical responses to disasters as the chief biochemistry officer of a general hospital, retiring as a Lt. Colonel. He is a distinguished member of several national and international nutrition, immunology, and cancer societies. Dr. Watsons career has involved studying many lifestyle aspects for their uses in health promotion. He has edited over 100 biomedical reference books and 450 papers and chapters. His teaching and research focuses on alcohol, tobacco, and drugs of abuse in heart function and disease in mouse models. Dr. Sherma Zibadi received her Ph.D. in Nutritional Sciences from the University of Arizona. Her medical degree and training were done at the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. She then completed her post-doctoral research fellowship awarded by the American Heart Association where her research involved cardiology and complementary medicine studies. Her research has involved maladaptive cardiac remodeling process, which helps to identify new targets for treatment of heart failure. Dr. Zibadis research interest also extends into foods as medicines, exploring the preventive and therapeutic effects of dietary supplements on heart failure and its major risk factors in both basic animal and clinical studies, translating lab research findings into clinical practice. Dr. Zibadi is an author of more than 35 research papers in peer reviewed journals. She has been an editor on 8 scientific books like this one being proposed. She has edited on a variety of clinical topics: breast milk, bottle feeding, wheat and rice in health, polyphenols and health, omega 3 fatty acids, dietary supplements in immune modulation, and dietary fat and health. She and Dr. Watson have collaborated extensively on both laboratory research and editing.